Method for obtaining specified thermodynamic function of nanometer material

Abstract

The method provided by the invention comprises the steps as follows: measuring electrodynamic potential of a battery made of nanometer material and corresponding bulk material at different temperatures, determining a fitting equation of which the electrodynamic potential changes along with the temperature, calculating difference between thermodynamic functions when the nanometer material and the block material are 298.15 K through a thermodynamic relational expression, and finding out the specified thermodynamic function of the bulk material, so that standard molar entropy of the nanometer material, standard molar Gibbs free energy, standard molar enthalpy and thermal effects of the batteries are obtained. The method can be widely applied to researches of standard electrode potential of nanometer materials with different shapes, sizes and structures and specified thermodynamic functions of the nanometer materials.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a method for obtaining a prescribed thermodynamic function of a nano material by preparing a nano electrode and measuring the electromotive force of a battery. Background technique: [0002] The entropy, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and other stipulated thermodynamic functions of nanomaterials have important scientific significance and application value, and are functions of scale and shape. How to obtain the prescribed thermodynamic function values ​​of nanomaterials through experiments, explore the scale, orientation (morphology) relationship and evolution law of the thermodynamic functions of nanomaterials, and establish basic thermodynamic data standards for nanomaterials of different sizes, orientations and morphologies. An important topic in the study of "material thermodynamics". The current research on the thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials is very lacking, especially the research on the entropy, enthalpy, Gibbs free...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Obtaining the specified thermodynamic function of nanomaterials by calorimetry has the following problems: First, when nanomaterials are loaded into a calorimeter, nanomaterials will inevitably absorb water molecules and other substances in the air due to surface effects. The result of is not a prescribed thermodynamic function for pure nanomaterials

Second, when the thermodynamic function of the nanomaterial is obtained by measuring the heat capacity, it is inevitable to apply pressure to the nanomaterial for heat conduction, which causes the original state of the nanomaterial to be destroyed, and the measurement result cannot represent the thermodynamic function of the original state nanomaterial; at the same time , the heat capacity changes caused by different pressure density changes [Zhang Hongliang et al., Acta Phys. The thermodynamic functions are different, which is obviously wrong; third, some studies have shown that metals do not conduct heat at the nanoscale, so this method cannot be used to obtain the prescribed thermodynamic functions of nanomaterials

[0005] At present, the study of obtaining the prescribed thermodynamic functions of nanomaterials by electrochemical methods has not been reported internationally.

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