Preparation method and application of tellurium-based precious metal alloy nanowire catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses an active template method for preparing a tellurium-based precious metal alloy nanowire catalyst. The active template method comprises the following steps of: (a) dispersing tellurium nanowires in a solvent in a ratio to obtain a tellurium nanowire dispersion liquid, and dissolving a precious metal precursor in the solvent to obtain a precious metal precursor solution; (b) adding the precious metal precursor solution obtained in the step (a) into the tellurium nanowire dispersion liquid obtained in the step (a) in a ratio with stirring to obtain a mixed solution of the precious metal precursor solution and the tellurium nanowire dispersion liquid; and (c) performing replacement reaction on the mixed solution obtained in the step (b) to obtain the tellurium-based precious metal alloy nanowire catalyst. The one-dimensional catalyst prepared by the method can serve as a self-support catalyst, effectively avoids defects of particle catalyst agglomeration and Ostwald curing, and avoids a defect of Pt loss caused by corrosion of an active carbon supported carrier. Meanwhile, by the method, the catalyst can be synthesized massively and the industrialization is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a one-dimensional tellurium-based noble metal alloy nanowire catalyst using tellurium nanowire as an active template, the catalyst prepared by the method and the application of the method. Background technique [0002] Noble metals are the most effective fuel cell catalysts, but noble metals are rare metals and are very limited. Therefore, reducing the amount of noble metals while improving catalytic activity is a hot spot and challenge in current research. [0003] At present, precious metal alloys and heterogeneous structure catalyst materials are the most researched. While reducing the amount of precious metals and reducing costs, the activity and stability of the catalyst are greatly improved through the adjustment of the structure, the proportion of components, and the stress effect or coordination effect. performance, and is f...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the synthesis methods of high-temperature oil phase and electrodeposition have low yields and cannot meet the requirements of industrialization

[0004] German "Advanced Functional Materials" (Advanced Materials, 2012, Issue 17, page 2326) reported the synthesis of PdPt and PdAu alloy nanowire catalysts by template sacrificial method. Substitution reaction with tellurium wires to obtain PdPt or PdAu alloy nanowires, but this method does not make full use of Te nanowires, and at the same time, excessive Pt, Pd and Au precursor solutions are added, far exceeding the amount calculated according to the chemical molar ratio , resulting in too much waste, limiting its application in the field of fuel cell catalysts

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