Mechanical ventilation control method of positive pressure respirator and respirator

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments and particularly discloses a mechanical ventilation control method of a positive pressure respirator and the respirator. According to the mechanical ventilation control method of the positive pressure respirator, the respiration state is judged by a microcontroller according to air pressure and air flow, the pressure information is used as the input parameter of a PID controller, a control voltage is obtained after the pressure information is input into the PID controller, then an air supply device is controlled, and pressure is provided for a respiration catheter; a next inspiration time is predicted during the expiratory phase, the respirator is controlled to release pressure in advance during the inspiratory phase, and the respirator is controlled to generate positive pressure support at the tail stage of expiration. The mechanical ventilation control method of the positive pressure respirator and the respirator have the advantages that predetermined respiration pressure can be obtained fast, and pressure fluctuation is reduced; due to the fact that the pressure is released in advance before the inspiratory phase, man-machine synchronism is improved; in addition, due to the fact that the positive pressure support is added at the tail stage of expiration, the respirator can better conform with human body respiration physiological characteristics, and the problem that an air passage is closed again due to over low pressure support is solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more specifically, to a mechanical ventilation control method of a positive pressure ventilator and the ventilator. Background technique [0002] The working principle of the ventilator is mainly driven by external machinery to generate a positive pressure difference between the airway opening and the alveoli so that the gas enters the human respiratory system through the breathing tube, assisting the patient to breathe to ensure smooth ventilation. The work of the ventilator must be synchronized with the patient, that is, the air supply cycle of the ventilator (inspiration start time, inhalation duration, inhalation-to-expiration transition time, and exhalation duration) is related to the patient's breathing intensity and breathing cycle. Otherwise, the patient will have increased work of breathing and loss of respiratory muscles due to the human-machine confrontation, and even cause the patie...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] 1) The effect of human-machine synchronization is not satisfactory. Traditional ventilators use PID controllers, including classic PID, integral improved PID and fuzzy PID. stress and reduce pressure fluctuations

Among them, the PID controller of the ventilator only uses the flow information as a sign to determine inhalation and exhalation, ignoring the length of the human respiratory cycle. Therefore, when the patient enters the exhalation phase after inhalation, the ventilator will continue to supply air for a short period of time. Cause pressure overshoot, cause discomfort for patients, and serious phenomenon of man-machine confrontation

[0008] 2) The PID controller of the traditional ventilator has not fully taken care of the physiological characteristics. Although it can achieve a very good and fast response to the pressure requirements of inhalation and exhalation, the pressure support at the end of exhalation is not sufficient. Research

When the patient is in the expiratory phase, if the expiratory pressure is too high, it is not conducive to the exhalation of the patient's gas; if it is too low, it will cause the patient's upper airway to re-trap and cause CO 2 At the same time, due to the low expiratory pressure, when the patient is ready to enter the inspiratory phase, the ventilator does not provide the inspiratory pressure quickly enough

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