Ultrasensitive astronomical telescope and astronomical image acquisition method

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasensitive astronomical telescope, which comprises an astronomical telescope lens, a spatial light modulator, a convergence light receiving component, a single-photon point detector, a counter, a data packet memory, a random number generator, a control module and a compression sensing module. Light signals are collected by the astronomical telescope lens and are imaged on the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator carries out random modulation on the astronomical image and reflects light of different positions to the convergence light receiving component; light signals collected by the convergence light receiving component form to-be-detected very weak light, and the light is transmitted to the single-photon point detector; the random number generator controls the spatial light modulator to carry out random modulation on the light signals; the single-photon point detector detects single photons in the to-be-detected very weak light and single photon signals are converted into electrical signals to be outputted; the counter records the number of electrical pulses in the signal photon number; the control module carries out control coordination on the whole ultrasensitive astronomical telescope; and the compression sensing module uses the single photon number, the random matrix and sparse matrix for realizing reconstruction of the astronomical image.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of astronomy, in particular to an ultra-sensitive astronomical telescope and an astronomical image acquisition method thereof. Background technique [0002] Astronomical telescopes are an important tool for observing celestial bodies. It is no exaggeration to say that without the birth and development of telescopes, there would be no modern astronomy. With the improvement and improvement of the performance of telescopes in all aspects, astronomy is also undergoing a huge leap, rapidly advancing human understanding of the universe. [0003] According to different working bands, astronomical telescopes can be divided into optical telescopes and radio telescopes. Among them, optical telescopes mainly use visible light as the working band, and can be divided into ground astronomical telescopes and space astronomical telescopes according to different places of use. Due to the different optical systems, it can be divided ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the problem with these high-sensitivity detectors is that there are only single-point APD detectors in my country at this stage, and due to the limitation of the manufacturing process, there is no ability to produce array APDs; the largest pixel of array APDs available internationally is only 128×128. Far from meeting the needs of obtaining high-resolution astronomical images

In addition, PMT does not have an array detector due to its working mechanism

For the lack of arrays of high-sensitivity detectors such as single-photon detectors, one solution is to use point detectors for scanning to achieve imaging. The problem brought about by this is that scanning the detectors will take a lot of time and greatly reduce the image acquisition speed. At the same time, the information detection time of different positions of the image is different, and the image shift during scanning will cause the decrease of imaging resolution.

Another solution is to assemble a large number of point detectors into an array for detection, but to obtain sufficient resolution, an extremely large number of single-point detectors is required, and about 800,000 single-point detectors are required to obtain an image of 1024×768 pixels. Point detectors cause extremely high costs, and there will be serious duty cycle problems when splicing point detectors, resulting in a decrease in light collection effect, which in turn affects the sensitivity of the telescope

[0006] To sum up, the existing astronomical telescopes have insufficient sensitivity, and the traditional astronomical telescopes have restrictions on the way to improve the sensitivity. The development of astrophysics urgently needs astronomical telescopes with higher sensitivity.

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