Method for preparing 1-methylimidazole

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing 1-methylimidazole. The method comprises the steps of mixing a water solution of 1-methylamine, ammonia water and ammonium carbonate, then, carrying out heating, adding mixed aldehyde into the heated mixture, and then, carrying out a reaction; and after the reaction is completed, subjecting the obtained reaction solution to concentration and rectification, thereby preparing 1-methylimidazole. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that 1-methylimidazole is synthesized in one step by adopting the traditional mixed aldehyde cyclization method, ammonium carbonate is adopted to replace part of ammonia water and serves as a reaction accelerant, meanwhile, the consumption of 1-methylamine and ammonia water can be lowered, and the production cost is reduced. Meanwhile, after ammonium carbonate is used, the yield of the method can be increased by 10% compared with that of the traditional synthesis methods.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and in particular relates to a method for preparing 1-methylimidazole. Background technique

[0002] Imidazole derivatives are widely used in medicine, pesticides and materials. In recent years, the application of imidazole derivatives in materials has shown a rapid development trend, especially the representative 1-methylimidazole has a unique application. For example, 1-methylimidazole is used as an additive in the exploitation of shale gas in foreign countries. Its traditional synthetic method includes a one-step cyclization method and imidazole substitution method, wherein the one-step cyclization method mainly adopts the synthetic method of mixed aldehydes (glyoxal and formaldehyde), ammonia water and 1-methylamine, but its traditional synthetic method includes The rate is low, it is reported that in M.R.Grimmett, adv.Heterocycl.Chem, v12, p 1 (1970), formaldehyde and ammonium carbonate, ...

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