Multi-functional precise intelligent measuring apparatus and method for geometric quantities

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-functional precise intelligent measuring apparatus and method for geometric quantities. According to the invention, the measuring apparatus with a cooperative-target-free measurement mode and a cooperative-target-existing measurement mode is designed; in the cooperative-target-free measurement mode, software is employed for controlling a rotary table to automatically scan the surface of a to-be-detected object so as to obtain distance from apparatus to to-be-detected object, the value of a two-dimensional angle is recorded, and the coordinates of the to-be-detected object are finally calculated; and in the cooperative-target-existing measurement mode, the accurate coordinates of a target point are measured by using a visual recognition and autocollimation system, or the coordinates of the to-be-detected object are input in advance and laser range finding is carried out at the same time, so the accurate coordinates of the to-be-detected object are obtained. The measuring apparatus and method in the invention can realize non-contact three-dimensional multifunctional coordinate measurement of to-be-detected objects within a range of 60 m in both the cooperative-target-free measurement mode and the cooperative-target-existing measurement mode.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of instrument measurement, in particular to a multifunctional precise intelligent measuring device and method for geometric quantities. Background technique [0002] The effective application of high-performance measurement technology in large-scale equipment manufacturing can greatly improve equipment manufacturing capabilities, such as large scientific devices, aerospace, ships, radar, heavy machinery, energy and other manufacturing fields, especially in aerospace on-orbit, high temperature, In scenarios where operators are not easily accessible, such as nuclear radiation, a high-precision automatic measurement of geometric parameters such as shape, size, position, and attitude of large-scale telescope antennas, accelerators, satellite antennas, spacecraft, aircraft, ships, and oil tanks is proposed. an urgent need. [0003] However, there are many shortcomings in the existing large-scale measuring instruments. For...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, there are many shortcomings in the existing large-scale measuring instruments. For example, the visual measurement system requires multiple stations or positions to achieve measurement, and does not have distance measurement and angle measurement functions. The camera calibration and measurement process requires encoding targets, and the measurement space is limited. The measurement accuracy decreases significantly with the increase of the distance; the laser tracker needs cooperative targets, cannot realize non-cooperative target measurement, cannot meet the measurement requirements in extreme environments, and cannot automatically identify targets; indoor GPS lacks ranging function and needs multi-station intersection Measurement, the measurement accuracy is seriously affected by the layout of the test station; the measurement-type laser radar can realize the scanning measurement of uncooperative targets, but cannot track and measure key feature points; application number: 201510523315.9 an automatic total station and a 201710006615.9 total station The device and detection method are mainly used for outdoor surveying and mapping. The accuracy of the instrument is difficult to meet the needs of industrial measurement, and the degree of intelligence in the measurement is not enough. It is impossible to carry out non-cooperative and cooperative targets for the measured target

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