Coupling impactor used for petroleum drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to a coupling impactor for oil drilling, which belongs to the technical field of oil drilling equipment. The impactor includes a shell, an upper joint, a lower joint, a central shaft, a turbine fixed valve, a turbine moving valve, an upper hammer body, and a lower hammer body. One end of the shell is threaded with an upper joint. The fixed valve and the turbine moving valve are equipped with a central shaft; the central shaft is fixed with an upper hammer body; the central shaft on one side of the upper hammer body is covered with a lower hammer body, and the lower hammer body is keyed to the housing. Under the action of drilling fluid, the central shaft drives the upper hammer body to produce periodic axial impact and periodic torsional impact on the lower hammer body. At the same time, the lower end of the central shaft makes the upper piston body periodically compress the fluid in the cavity, Before the drilling fluid enters the drill bit, it periodically produces a certain pressurization effect and forms pulse fluctuations. The entire impactor, under the above coupling action, can effectively improve the contact stress between the drill bit and the rock and the rock breaking effect, and improve the drill bit. While improving the rock-breaking efficiency, improving the drilling speed and reducing the drilling cost, it can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the nozzle of the drill bit is clogged and the bit produces mud balls.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a coupling impactor for oil drilling, which belongs to the technical field of oil drilling equipment. Background technique [0002] As the proportion of exploration and development of deep wells and ultra-deep wells continues to increase, the hardness and plasticity of rocks in deep formations increase. Conventional roller cone bits have poor drillability, low mechanical speed, and long drilling cycles. In order to increase the mechanical penetration rate of the drill bit stroke, the PDC bit is widely used. When the PDC bit encounters a non-uniform formation at the moment of drilling, when the torque energy of the drill string cannot meet the torque of the broken rock, the drill bit stops rotating instantly. At this time, the external energy is stored in the drill string. In the process, when the stored torque energy is greater than the torque required for rock breaking, the energy of the drill string will be released instantan...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, most of the axial and torsional impactors used in China are imported tools, which are expensive to use. The similar impactors studied in China are

Images