Coupling impactor used for petroleum drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to a coupling impactor used for petroleum drilling, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling and production equipment. The impactor comprises a shell, an upper connector, a lower connector, a central shaft, a turbine fixed valve, a turbine moving valve, an upper hammer block and a lower hammer block, the upper connector is in threaded connection with one end of the shell, and the central shaft is installed in the shell at the inner side of the upper connector through the turbine fixed valve and the turbine moving valve; the upper hammer block is fixedly installed on the central shaft, and the lower hammer block is installed on the central shaft at one side of the upper hammer block in a sleeving mode, and the lower hammer block is in key connection with the shell. According to the coupling impactor used for petroleum drilling, under the action of drilling fluid, the upper hammer block is driven by the central shaft to produce periodical axial impact and periodic torsional impact on the lower hammer block, at the same time, the lower end of the central shaft makes an upper piston body periodically compress the fluid in a cavity, so that the drilling fluid periodically produces a certain pressing effect before entering in a drill bit, and pulse fluctuation is formed; under the coupling action, the contact stress between the drill bit and rocks and the rock crushing effect can be effectively improved, rock crushing efficiency, the drilling speed are improved, the drilling cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the phenomena of drill bit nozzle plugging and drill bit balling are avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a coupling impactor for oil drilling, which belongs to the technical field of oil drilling equipment. Background technique [0002] As the proportion of exploration and development of deep wells and ultra-deep wells continues to increase, the hardness and plasticity of rocks in deep formations increase. Conventional roller cone bits have poor drillability, low mechanical speed, and long drilling cycles. In order to increase the mechanical penetration rate of the drill bit stroke, the PDC bit is widely used. When the PDC bit encounters a non-uniform formation at the moment of drilling, when the torque energy of the drill string cannot meet the torque of the broken rock, the drill bit stops rotating instantly. At this time, the external energy is stored in the drill string. In the process, when the stored torque energy is greater than the torque required for rock breaking, the energy of the drill string will be released instantan...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, most of the axial and torsional impactors used in China are imported tools, which are expensive to use. The similar impactors studied in China are very easy to encounter the phenomenon of clogged nozzles and mud bags on the drill bit. Therefore, coupling The development of action impactor is very urgent

Images