Intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage

A cultivation method and straw technology are applied in the field of corn ploughing without staggered straw strip returning to the field, which can solve the problems of decreased resource utilization efficiency, weakened soil buffering capacity, large inter-annual variation of yield, etc., so as to improve sowing quality and alleviate Nitrogen competition and the effect of reducing the barriers to emergence

Active Publication Date: 2018-12-07
SHENYANG AGRI UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the past 30 years, the continuous small-scale agricultural machinery shallow plowing and the predatory production mode of reusing farmland and ignoring cultivation have caused problems such as shallowing of the soil plow layer, upward movement of the plow bottom layer, weakening of the soil buffer capacity, and conflicts between water, fertilizer, air, and heat. The resulting problems such as low crop yield, large inter-annual variation of yield, and decline in resource utilization efficiency are also becoming more and more serious. The deterioration of the soil plow layer environment has become a key bottleneck restricting high and stable crop yields and efficient use of resources.

Method used

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  • Intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage
  • Intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage
  • Intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0051] Such as figure 1 As shown, the corn tillage-free staggered straw strip returning cultivation method includes the following steps:

[0052] (1) Corn is cultivated in double-space (120cm+60cm) or wide-narrow rows (80cm+40cm).

[0053] (2) After the corn combine harvester harvests in autumn, the stubble cutter is used to crush and stubble again before winter (or before spring sowing).

[0054] (3) Before winter (or before sowing), use a corn stalk strip rotary tillage machine to return the crushed corn stalks flat on the surface to the belt (the next year’s sowing belt) and bring it back to the field (returning belt). The widths of clearing ridges and returning belts cultivated in wide and narrow rows are 90cm, 90cm, 70cm, and 50cm respectively, and the straws in the returning belts (returning belts) are deeply rotated and mixed evenly in the soil layer of 0-≥30cm, and the ridges are cleared (sowing in the next year) Belt) The residual ratio of straw is ≤5%.

[0055] (4...

Embodiment 2

[0068] The method for cultivating corn tillage without staggered strips of straw returning to the field comprises the following steps:

[0069] Step 1. Before corn sowing, the corn stalks of the previous season are first crushed and stubble removed, and then the crushed corn stalks are cleared and returned to the belt for the first time. The residual ratio of corn stalks in the first sowing belt is ≤ 5%. . Finally, mix the corn stalks at the return belt into the soil layer, and the corn stalks at the return belt are mixed in the soil at a depth of 0 to ≥ 30 cm, so that the first sowing belt is formed at the clearing ridge, and the first planting belt is formed at the return belt. Return the field belt.

[0070] Step 2. Before sowing the next season of corn, the harvested corn stalks are also firstly cleaned and crushed in situ, and then the ground corn stalks are cleaned for the second time and returned to the belt. The second sowing belt The residual ratio of corn stalks is...

Embodiment 3

[0074] A method for cultivating corn tillage without staggered strips of straw returning to the field, comprising the following steps:

[0075] Step 1. Before sowing soybeans, the soybean straw of the previous season is first crushed and stubble removed in situ, and then the crushed soybean straw is cleared and brought back for the first time, and then spread on the surface of the soybean straw flat on the ground. Apply treatment agent 3.5kg / m 2, and then use the plastic film 6 to cover the plot, treat for 17.5 days, finally remove the plastic film 6, and then mix the straw at the belt into the soil layer; wherein, the treatment agent includes the following parts by weight Components: 90 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 4 parts of superphosphate, 0.75 parts of cellulase and 7.5 parts of water. Finally, the stalks at the return zone are mixed in the soil layer, and the depth of mixing the soybean stalks at the return zone in the soil layer is 0 cm, that is, the stalks are ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage. The method includes the steps that 1, before crop seeding is performed, crop strawof a last season is smashed in situ, ridge clearing and strip gathering are performed for the first time, straw at strip gathering positions is mixed and stirred in a soil layer, first seeding stripsare formed at ridge clearing positions, and first return-to-field strips are formed at the strip gathering positions; 2, before crop seeding of a next season is performed, crop straw is smashed in situ, ridge clearing and strip gathering are performed for the second time, the straw at strip gathering positions is mixed and stirred in a soil layer, second seeding strips are formed at ridge clearing positions, and second return-to-field strips are formed at the strip gathering positions; in the two adjacent planting seasons, the positions of seeding strips and the return-to-field strips are interchanged or the second seeding strips horizontally move to the first return-to-field strips to form strip spacing tillage. The arable layer structure of virtuality and reality alternating is created,and the method has the advantages of non-tillage and deep tillage, effectively solves the key problems in straw returning to the field, and is also an effective way for construction of a reasonable arable layer on dry land and promotion of soil fertility.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of farmland soil fertilization and cultivation, and relates to a method for cultivating corn tillage-free staggered straw strip-shaped returning, in particular to a corn tillage-free staggered straw strip-shaped return that improves soil water storage, water supply, and moisture conservation capabilities, and ensures high and stable yields of crops. Field cultivation method. Background technique [0002] my country's dry land area is 1.109 billion mu, accounting for 56.8% of the country's total cultivated land area. It is mainly distributed in the main grain-producing areas of Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China. Its crop production has important strategic significance for ensuring national food security. However, in the past 30 years, the continuous small-scale agricultural machinery shallow plowing and the predatory production mode of reusing farmland and ignoring cultivation have caused prob...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G22/20A01G13/02A01D82/00A01B79/02
CPCA01B79/02A01D82/00A01G13/0275A01G22/20
Inventor 齐华李从锋赵明田平周宝元任红郑永照隋鹏祥
Owner SHENYANG AGRI UNIV
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