Supercritical carbon dioxide power circulating system and method for fusion reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide power circulating system and method for a fusion reactor. Aiming at different working medium conditions of different nuclear heat sources of a fusion reactor cladding layer, a divertor and a vacuum chamber, S-CO2 is heated by stage-by-stage heat regeneration on the high-pressure side and cooled by stage-by-stage heat regeneration on the low-pressure side through three stages, namely a low-temperature heat regenerator, a middle-temperature heat regenerator and a high-temperature heat regenerator; 20 percent of S-CO2 is selected to be cooledand then pressurized and heated so as to be used for heat regeneration of a low-temperature heater and cooling of the divertor and the vacuum chamber, so that the operation requirements of differentcooling media for different heat sources of three components in the reactor are met, a negative temperature effect during heat regeneration is avoided, the heat sources of all components in the reactor are effectively utilized, and the heat energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved; and compared with the current designs only using helium gas carrying cladding layer core heat and a Rankinecirculatory system with two-loop pressure water heat exchange to generate electricity, the thermoelectricity efficiency of the fusion reactor is improved to 41 percent from 30 percent, and the supercritical carbon dioxide power circulating system for the fusion reactor has the remarkable advantages of simple structure, low cost, high heat efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of advanced nuclear reactor thermal and hydraulic research, and specifically relates to a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle system and method for a fusion reactor. Background technique [0002] Fusion energy is one of the potential and effective ways for mankind to permanently solve the energy problem. The design, construction and operation of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and China Fusion Engineering Experimental Reactor (CFETR) have laid the foundation for the future construction of fusion power generation demonstration reactors. . The radiant heat and high-energy neutrons (14.1Mev) produced by the fusion reactor high-temperature plasma deuterium-tritium thermonuclear fusion enter the reactor facing the plasma component breeder envelope, divertor and vacuum chamber, not only forming the high heat flux and the first wall High power density nuclear heat is deposited in the structure, a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle for comprehensive utilization of multiple heat sources and multiple working fluids for fusion reactors in view of the multi-heat source and multi-working fluid requirements for fusion reactor cladding, divertors, and vacuum chambers. The system and method not only solve the problem of comprehensively utilizing multiple heat sources of fusion reactor components to effectively improve power generation efficiency, but also solve the problem of effectively cooling the components in the reactor

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