Rice and wheat drill sowing under-mulch drip irrigation cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice and wheat drill sowing under-mulch drip irrigation cultivation method. The method comprises the steps of seed preparation, land preparation, belt type drill sowing, seedling management, irrigation management, fertilization management and disease control. According to the belt type drill sowing, drill sowing, drip irrigation belt laying, bubble film covering and soilcovering manners are adopted for sowing, the drill sowing adopts alternate configuration of wide rows and narrow rows, and drip irrigation belts are laid in the wide rows; the wide rows, the sowing width and the narrow rows are combined into drill sowing belts, the upper portions and the side edges of bubble films are covered with soil, and the plurality of drill sowing belts are planted below each bubble film; and coleophyllum pierces the bubble films in a seed needle erecting period, so that self-film-breaking seedling emergence is realized. According to the rice and wheat drill sowing under-mulch drip irrigation cultivation method, the cultivation method combining drill sowing, bubble film covering and under-film drip irrigation is adopted, incisions or holes are not formed in the films, the coleophyllum is used for breaking the films in the needle erecting period, in-hole weeding is avoided due to the fact that seedling holes are not formed, temperature increasing, soil moisture conservation and drought resistance are achieved, labor is saved, and cost is reduced; and a rice and wheat under-film drip irrigation cultivation technology is optimized and perfected through drill sowing, so that the agricultural planting efficiency is improved, and the rice and wheat yield and quality are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and cultivation, in particular to a drip irrigation drill cultivation method under film for rice and wheat. Background technique [0002] Rice is an important food crop in China. On the one hand, it is traditionally planted in flooded paddy fields, usually by machine transplanting or manual transplanting. As one of the 13 water-poor countries in the world, rice is a major agricultural country, and agricultural water accounts for 30% of the total water consumption. 70-80%, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, agricultural water consumption reaches more than 90%, of which the total water consumption of paddy fields accounts for more than 65% of agricultural water consumption. On the other hand, the technical method of using mulching to plant rice in dry fields (referred to as dry farming) to increase temperature, save water, and increase production has been popularized and applied i...

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Problems solved by technology

On the other hand, the technical method of using mulching to plant rice in dry fields (referred to as dry farming) to increase temperature, save water, and increase production has been popularized and applied in rice planting areas across the country, usually by mechanical or manual live broadcast (on-demand) Or drill) way of planting rice; its disadvantages are as follows: 1. The water body is exposed, water seepage and evaporation cause waste of water resources, and the utilization rate of water and nutrients is low; 2. It is easy to cause soil compaction and salinization in the northern region; 3. There is a lot of manual work such as separate compartments and ditching; 4. Apply enough base fertilizer at one time, and it is impossible to apply fertilizer accurately, resulting in a decrease in fertilizer utilization rate

[0003] Chinese patent CN108901705A discloses "a new method of dry-seeded rice film-covered cultivation" for the common features of the three modes of film-covered hole-sowing method, mechanical film-breaking seedling emergence method, and film-cut seeding method-the film must be punched Or incision, so that rice seeds germinate and emerge or make rice seedlings exposed to the membrane surface for optimization and improvement; its disadvantages are: 1. The efficiency of water and fertilizer use needs to be improved; The cooperation between the coleoptiles is difficult to control under the actual working conditions in the field: for example: "cover the soil and press the film, so that the film will not be tightly combined with the soil, and can form a certain pressure or tension on the film, so that the rice bud tips will It penetrates the film and prevents weeds from growing through the film.”

The disadvantages of hole sowing and transplanting of rice under film drip irrigation are: 1. Hole hole planting or hole transplanting takes man-hours and increases costs; 2. A large number of holes are formed in the plastic film, which is easy to lose moisture and reduce drought resistance; 3. The opening of the plastic film Weeds grow in clusters with rice or seedlings, and it is difficult to remove weeds; 4. After mulching, hole sowing or transplanting and sowing are deep, and the clusters grow, and individual growth and development are affected

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