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Five-axis numerical control machine tool rotating shaft structure parameter error compensation method

A technology of CNC machine tools and structural parameters, applied in the field of CNC machine tools, can solve the problems of cumbersome detection process, unsatisfactory precision, multiple disassembly and assembly, etc., and achieve the effect of simple detection process

Active Publication Date: 2021-03-19
CHENGDU AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY GROUP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The RTCP motion control of five-axis CNC machine tools needs to use the structural parameters of the rotary axis for calculation and control. During the use of the machine tool, due to wear and equipment accidents, the structural parameters of the rotary axis change, and the actual structural parameters deviate from the structural parameter values ​​​​saved in the system. If the numerical control The machine tool still performs RTCP motion control according to the structural parameter values ​​saved in the system, which will result in the accuracy not meeting the requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an effective method for detecting, identifying and compensating the structural parameter error of the rotary axis to correct the structural parameter error of the CNC machine tool so that it is consistent with the Only when the real mechanical structure parameters are consistent can the tool center motion error caused by the structural parameter error of the rotary axis be effectively eliminated
This method can only detect errors in one direction at a time, and the detection process is cumbersome, requiring multiple disassembly and assembly; each direction error detected in the detection process is affected by other direction errors, and it is easy to introduce inaccuracy in detection
This method corrects the tool nose point error by compensating the NC code, compared with the method of correcting the structural parameters of the rotary axis of the CNC system, it is not universal

Method used

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  • Five-axis numerical control machine tool rotating shaft structure parameter error compensation method
  • Five-axis numerical control machine tool rotating shaft structure parameter error compensation method
  • Five-axis numerical control machine tool rotating shaft structure parameter error compensation method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] A method for compensating the structural parameter error of the rotary axis of a five-axis CNC machine tool, such as figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: When the RTCP function of the five-axis CNC machine tool is turned on, according to the preset detection trajectory, the rotation stroke of each rotation axis of the five-axis CNC machine tool is divided into multiple nodes, and the machine tool is controlled during the detection process of each rotation axis Swing to a given node;

[0052] Step S2: Collect and record the offsets of the tool center point at each node relative to the initial position in the three directions of X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The collected tool point error data sequences are recorded as ;

[0053] Step S3: Under the action of the offset error of the tool center point, establish a mathematical model for identifying the structural parameter error of the rotary axis based on the position deviation of the tool tip point...

Embodiment 2

[0059] This embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, as figure 1 , the method for calculating the structural parameter error of the rotary axis of the machine tool in the step S3 is specifically:

[0060] Step S301: According to the structural parameters of the current rotating axis in the numerical control system of the five-axis numerical control machine tool, establish the theoretical position of the tool tip point under a certain node of the rotational axis of the five-axis numerical control machine tool The mathematical model of is:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, θ is the angle of the rotation axis at the sampling point; a, b, and c are the direction vectors of the rotation axis saved in the CNC system The three elements of are unit vectors; s, l, h are the position parameter components in the three directions of the rotation center in the machine space coordinate system saved in the CNC system; these parameters can be obtained through the CNC system and are known...

Embodiment 3

[0083] Present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, as Figure 2-Figure 5 , before the step S1, the standard ball head 2 is installed on the five-axis CNC machine tool through the tool handle 1, and the standard ball head 2 is installed on the five-axis CNC machine tool by moving the linear coordinate axis of the machine tool when each rotation axis of the five-axis CNC machine tool is in the initial state. Move to the origin position of the non-contact three-way displacement sensor 3, adjust the ball center of the standard ball head to the spindle axis of the five-axis CNC machine tool through the adjustment structure on the tool handle 1, to ensure the non-contact during the slow rotation of the spindle The data variation of the three-way displacement sensor 3 is within ±0.001mm.

[0084] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 or 2 above, so details are not repeated here.

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Abstract

A five-axis numerical control machine tool rotating shaft structure parameter error compensation method comprises the steps: under the condition that an RTCP function is started, equally dividing therotating stroke of each rotating shaft of a five-axis numerical control machine tool into a plurality of nodes, and controlling a machine tool to swing to a given node in the detection process of eachrotating shaft; collecting offsets of the cutter center point relative to the initial position under each node in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction; establishing a rotating shaft structure parameter error identification mathematical model based on the tool nose point position deviation under the action of the tool center point deviation error, obtaining an identification equation, and calculating a machine tool rotating shaft structure parameter error; compensating the structure parameter error value into a rotating shaft structure parameter corresponding tothe numerical control system to realize error compensation of the machine tool rotating shaft; collecting a knife point RTCP error to verify an error compensation effect, determining whether a rotating shaft structure parameter error is eliminated or not, and if the rotating shaft structure parameter error is eliminated, ending; and if the rotating shaft structure parameter error is not eliminated, carrying out the operation again.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to a method for compensating structural parameter errors of rotating shafts of five-axis numerically controlled machine tools. Background technique [0002] The five-axis CNC machine tool can control the spatial direction of the tool axis, so that the tool maintains the best cutting posture, and realizes the processing of complex curves and surfaces. In order to effectively reduce the nonlinear error caused by the rotating axis during machining, it is necessary to control the tool nose point to ensure that it is always on the programmed track. The RTCP function of the five-axis CNC machine tool can realize the control of the tool tip point, ensure that the tool tip point is always on the programmed trajectory during the machining process, and effectively reduce the nonlinear error of the tool tip point. [0003] The RTCP motion control of five-axis CNC machine to...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G05B19/404
CPCG05B19/404G05B2219/35408
Inventor 胡金龙徐强李杰陶文坚蒋云峰宋智勇李颖楚王伟
Owner CHENGDU AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY GROUP
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