Belonging to the technical field of laser detection, the invention relates to a novel laser spectroscopy induced detection system, especially to a molten steel component online detection system, which is obtained by gathering lasers on a molten steel surface and conducting analysis through induced plasma spectroscopy. The laser spectroscopy induced online molten steel component detection system includes: a concave reflecting mirror, a convex reflecting mirror, a window mirror, a casing pipe, a steel furnace, a computer, a detection point distance dynamic monitoring system, a feedback regulation control device, a laser light source, a light beam turning system, an echelle spectrometer, an integral delay detection system, a laser beam quality control system and the like, and can realize accurate detection of manganese, magnesium, sulfur, carbon and other 20 components contained in molten steel. The detection system provided in the invention can realize real-time detection of molten steel components, reduce the smelting cost, and save resources.