Silicon composite material, preparation method thereof, negative plate and lithium ion battery

A technology of silicon composite materials and carbon materials, applied in the direction of nanotechnology for materials and surface science, battery electrodes, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the large problems of conductive network and hollow structure stability, which is not conducive to the silicon material industry issues such as popularization, cycle performance and safety performance need to be improved

Active Publication Date: 2021-06-01
HIGHPOWER TECH HUIZHOU
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, this structure only solves the space problem required for the external conductive network of silicon and particle expansion, but there are still big problems in the stability of the condu...

Method used

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  • Silicon composite material, preparation method thereof, negative plate and lithium ion battery
  • Silicon composite material, preparation method thereof, negative plate and lithium ion battery
  • Silicon composite material, preparation method thereof, negative plate and lithium ion battery

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0085] This embodiment provides a silicon composite material, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0086] S1: Put a silicon-nickel alloy with a total content of 10mol (the atomic ratio of silicon and nickel is 9:1) in 1.5L of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1mol / L, and immerse it for 2h to remove part of the metal in the silicon-nickel alloy to form a Through-hole silicon with holes, and some metal remains in the through-hole silicon as a catalyst for growing one-dimensional carbon materials;

[0087] S2: Dry the through-hole silicon and place it in a tube furnace, and feed a mixed gas of methane and nitrogen with a gas flow rate of 100mL / min, wherein methane accounts for 10% of the gas flow, and nitrogen accounts for 90% of the gas flow. Generate a one-dimensional carbon material that runs through the channels of through-hole silicon to obtain intermediate products;

[0088] S3: Put the intermediate product in a 2mg / mL dopamine hydrochloride-tr...

Embodiment 2

[0094] This embodiment provides a silicon composite material, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0095] S1: Put the silicon-aluminum-iron alloy with a total content of 10mol (the atomic ratio of silicon, aluminum and iron is 6:2:2) in 3L of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 2mol / L, and immerse it for 2h to remove part of the metal in the silicon-aluminum-iron alloy , form through-hole silicon with channels, and at the same time, some metal remains in the through-hole silicon as a catalyst for growing one-dimensional carbon materials;

[0096] S2: Dry the through-hole silicon and place it in a tube furnace, and feed a mixed gas of ethylene and argon with a gas flow rate of 200mL / min, wherein ethylene accounts for 10% of the gas flow, and argon accounts for 90% of the gas flow. In-situ generation of one-dimensional carbon materials penetrating through the channels of through-hole silicon to obtain intermediate products;

[0097] S3: Put the interm...

Embodiment 3

[0103] This embodiment provides a silicon composite material, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0104] S1: Put the silicon-iron-copper alloy with a total content of 10mol (the atomic ratio of silicon, iron and copper is 4:4:2) in 4L of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 2mol / L, and immerse it for 2h to remove the silicon-iron-copper alloy. Part of the metal forms through-hole silicon with channels, and some metal remains in the through-hole silicon as a catalyst for growing one-dimensional carbon materials;

[0105] S2: Dried the through-hole silicon and placed it in a tube furnace, and introduced a mixed gas of propylene and argon with a gas flow rate of 200mL / min, wherein propylene accounted for 10% of the gas flow rate, and argon gas accounted for 90% of the gas flow rate. In-situ generation of a one-dimensional carbon material penetrating through the pores of through-hole silicon to obtain an intermediate product, which is then placed in an e...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon composite material and a preparation method thereof, a negative plate and a lithium ion battery. The silicon composite material comprises through-hole silicon and a carbon coating layer, wherein a one-dimensional carbon material is arranged in a pore channel of the through-hole silicon. According to the invention, the through-hole silicon with the one-dimensional carbon material arranged in the hole channel, the conductivity of silicon particles can be improved from the interior of the silicon material. And meanwhile, the pore channels of the through-hole silicon provide a good buffer space for the material, so that the volume expansion of the material is avoided. A network structure formed by staggering the one-dimensional carbon material in a pore channel of the through-hole silicon can effectively constrain volume expansion of the silicon material, the internal structure of silicon particles is greatly stabilized, the problem of pulverization is solved, a conductive network among the silicon particles is effectively maintained, and the cycle performance of a battery prepared from the material is effectively improved. In addition, the arrangement of the carbon coating layer is beneficial to reducing the contact between the silicon composite material and electrolyte in the use process, so that the side reaction is reduced, and the electronic conductivity of the silicon composite material can be further improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to silicon composite materials and preparation methods thereof, negative electrodes and lithium-ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Silicon-based materials (containing silicon oxides) are considered to be ideal anode materials for next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries because of their high specific capacity, moderate working potential, abundant reserves, and environmental friendliness. However, the large volume expansion of silicon-based anodes during charge and discharge causes electrode structure damage and rapid battery capacity decay, which severely limits its wide application. [0003] Researchers have made multi-faceted efforts to suppress the expansion of silicon materials and improve the conductive network of silicon materials. For example, the expansion of the silicon negative electrode can be suppressed by optimizing the b...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M4/134H01M10/0525C01B32/05B82Y40/00B82Y30/00
CPCH01M4/386H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M4/134H01M10/0525C01B32/05B82Y30/00B82Y40/00Y02E60/10
Inventor 张敏袁号胡大林廖兴群
Owner HIGHPOWER TECH HUIZHOU
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