Combustion chamber head structure integrating centrifugal nozzle and swirler

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion chamber head structure integrating a centrifugal nozzle and a swirler. The combustion chamber head structure comprises a centrifugal nozzle and swirler integrated structural body, a floating ring, a flow guide plate, a flame tube head, a flame tube outer ring and a flame tube inner ring. The centrifugal nozzle and swirler integrated structural body is composed of a nozzle core, a cyclone core, a structural body shell, a filter screen and an oil supply seat, the structural body shell has the functions of the swirler and a nozzle jacket, and a communicated Y-shaped airflow channel is formed in the nozzle. Fuel oil passes through the oil supply seat and the filter screen and then forms conical spray under the centrifugal force effect of a cyclone groove of the cyclone core, the conical spray enters a combustion chamber through a spray opening, cyclone air entering from a beveled air inlet is mixed with the fuel oil on one hand, a backflow area is established at the downstream portion, and an oil-gas mixture is combusted in the backflow area; and on the other hand, the cyclone air inflow can play a role in blowing away carbon deposition on the end face of the nozzle. One part of air passes through floating ring and flow guide plate openings to cool and blow off the floating ring end face and the flow guide plate end face. One part of air cools and blows down the interior of the nozzle through a Y-shaped through hole, so that the spraying opening is prevented from being blocked by carbon deposition. The combustion chamber adopting the head structure has good characteristics of ignition, flameout prevention and carbon deposition prevention.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of small and medium-sized aero-engines and gas turbine combustion chambers, and in particular relates to a combustion chamber head structure in which a centrifugal nozzle and a swirler are integrated. Background technique [0002] Typical aero-engine and gas turbine combustor head structures include flame tubes, swirlers, nozzles and deflectors, etc. The matching of head swirlers and nozzles largely determines the ignition, flameout and combustion efficiency of the combustor and other characteristics. In order to improve the ignition, high-altitude re-ignition, flameout characteristics and emission characteristics of the combustion chamber, the civil high bypass ratio turbofan engine gradually adopts the staged technology of lean combustion. Generally, the centrifugal nozzle is matched with the cyclone, and the oil is supplied separately under low load conditions, and it is designed to be fuel-rich combusti...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, the design concept of the oil-rich scheme inevitably leads to the existence of unburned soot in the combustion area, and the unburned soot particles are entrained back under the action of backflow and cover the end face of the nozzle, the end face of the swirler and the head of the combustion chamber Wall surface, if not removed in time, will seriously affect fuel spray quality and combustion efficiency

[0006] On the other hand, since the nozzle is in a high-temperature environment for a long time, after the engine receives a stop command to cut off the fuel, there will still be a small amount of residual oil inside the nozzle core. If it is not blown off in time, coking will easily occur at high temperature, reduce the nozzle area or even block the nozzle. , reduce the quality of fuel atomization, and then affect the ignition and combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber, affect the subsequent use of the engine, and reduce the service life of the engine

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