Organic soil-less culture substrate, orgainc solid fertilizer and soil-less cultivation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solid soiless cultivation organic substrate and organic solid fertilizer for use by this substrate. Said substrate mainly is composed of organic substrate material and inert substrate material, the solid fertilizer mainly is composed of dung fertilizer and cake fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. The present invention also discloses soilless cultivation method using said solid substrate. The present invention can be used in commercial production of vegetables. It is simple in raw material compoistion which is broad in source. It is also simple in technology, low in cost, no pollution to environment etc.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of soilless cultivation, in particular to an organic soilless cultivation substrate, an organic solid fertilizer and a soilless cultivation method Background technique [0002] Plants need 16 kinds of elements to maintain normal growth. The major elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and the trace elements are iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum and chlorine. Among them, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are mainly obtained from air and water. Under suitable environmental conditions, if we can effectively provide the other 13 elements in sufficient quantities, we can ensure the vigorous life activities of plants and maximize the potential of crop production. Soilless cultivation is a cultivation method that does not use soil but carries out factory production of vegetables in other media. It usually uses water as the medium and then adds the required...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Soilless cultivation is a cultivation method that does not use soil but carries out factory production of vegetables in other media. It usually uses water as the medium and then adds the required chemical nutrient solution to form a soilless cultivation substrate. The nutrient solution is composed of chemical fertilizers and chemical reagents. However, there are following problems in this soilless cultivation method: (1), high cost: the nutrient solution soilless cultivation method needs some relatively complex industrial equipment and instruments used in conjunction with the nutrient solution, such as the preparation of nutrient solution Equipment, nutrient solution control system, nutrient solution detection system, power supply system, cultivation containers with strict materials, etc.

Therefore, the one-time investment cost is relatively high, ranging from tens of thousands of yuan per mu to hundreds of thousands of yuan per mu

The operating cost is also high. Not only the system equipment needs regular maintenance, maintenance and repair, but also the chemical raw materials needed to prepare the nutrient solution are relatively expensive. Using fertilizers and reagents with slightly higher purity costs 10,000 yuan per mu per year Above; use low-purity fertilizers to prepare nutrient solution per mu and need to cost more than 3,000 yuan per mu; (2), technical difficulty: the nutrient solution soilless cultivation system involves biotechnology, detection technology, cultivation technology, control technology, electricity, chemistry, Plant protection and many other aspects, the technical content is extensive, the operation and management are complicated, not everyone can easily master it, so it is difficult to promote; (3), easy to cause pollution to the environment: the preparation of nutrient solution depends entirely on chemically synthesized fertilizers, and requires high use of nitrates

During use, the excess nutrient solution will eventually be discharged into the external environment, causing pollution to the environment. According to testing, the content of nitrate in the rock wool cultivation effluent is as high as 212mg / kg (1996), which will affect the soil and Groundwater causes serious pollution; at the same time, the products produced will also be seriously polluted by nitrates. According to tests, the nitrate content of hydroponic pak choy reaches 4245mg / kg (1996), far exceeding the pollution-free quality of protected leafy vegetables. safety standard