The invention relates to the field of concrete, and particularly discloses high-strength lightweight concrete and a preparation method thereof. The high-strength lightweight concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of cement, 2-4.5 parts of lime, 40-75 parts of hydrophobic modified ceramsite, 5-12 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of silica fume, 2-4.5 parts of a water reducing agent, 1-5 parts of a tea saponin solution, 25-38 parts of water and 1-8 parts of filling fibers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the water reducing agent, the water and the tea saponin solution, mixing, stirring and foaming to prepare foam liquid; weighing cement, lime, hydrophobic modified ceramsite, fly ash, silica fume and filling fiber, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture; weighing the foam liquid, mixing and stirring the mixture to obtain a mixed material, and pouring and curing the mixed material to obtain concrete; the lightweight concrete has relatively high mechanical strength.