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Method for separating keratinous proteins from materials

A technology of keratin and separation angle, which is applied in the field of separation of keratin, and can solve difficult problems such as treatment

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-12-12
AUSTRALIAN WOOL INNOVATION +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Some methods involve sulfur dioxide or hydrogen sulfide gas, which, while not prohibited on a laboratory scale, can cause serious problems when scaled up
Also, some methods involve gel formation, which is very intractable in industrial scale methods

Method used

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  • Method for separating keratinous proteins from materials
  • Method for separating keratinous proteins from materials

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0030] Preparation of Raw Materials

[0031] The keratinous raw material is preferably washed and optionally broken into smaller particles so as to be in a form suitable to undergo the reduction step of the method. In the case of non-feather material, preparation advantageously includes scrubbing and washing to remove extraneous impurities, grease and lipids. In such raw materials as wool, shredding may often be unnecessary, although there may be practical or economic advantages to using short wool.

[0032] According to a suitable embodiment of the invention, the keratinous material can be washed with warm water containing suitable surfactants and rinsed with water. If the keratin material is not intended to be processed immediately after the washing step, it can be dried.

[0033] In the case of feathers, they are advantageously washed and broken into smaller pieces in order to facilitate digestion during the reduction step of the process. Washing may be performed by wash...

Embodiment approach

[0073] Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method also includes the following steps:

[0074] iv. Neutralize the oxidized keratin solution.

[0075] desalination

[0076]As mentioned above, the neutralized saline keratin solution can be used without further treatment in some applications. But, according to preferred embodiment of the present invention, this method also comprises the following steps:

[0077] v. Desalting the neutralized keratin solution.

[0078] Desalination refers to the removal of salts produced during the neutralization stage. The salts present depend on the base used in the neutralization step.

[0079] A technique that is particularly suitable for desalination of keratin solutions is desalination by diafiltration using ultrafiltration techniques. Diafiltration effectively separates proteins of approximately 1 kD to 1000 kD from small peptides and salts. Diafiltration was performed using a cross-flow ultrafil...

Embodiment 1

[0098] Figure 1 illustrates a method according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0099] The embodiment shown in Figure 1 relates to the extraction of keratin from feather A. The feathers A are washed and scrubbed in the washing apparatus (1) to remove blood, dirt and other impurities. A stainless steel drum container with a capacity of 250 L manufactured by Dose GmbH was used as washing equipment. Then, the washed feathers are crushed or ground in a mill (2). The mill used was a butcher's chopper supplied by Butcher's Suppliers Pty Ltd, Australia.

[0100] The ground feather product is then transferred to a digester (3) where the ground feather is reduced to produce a product containing keratin solution and insoluble solids. The digester is another stainless steel drum with a capacity of 250L. The product mixture was transferred to a 0.87m 2 A drum vacuum filter (4) to separate the solids from the keratin solution. This equipment has since been replaced in assembly b...

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Abstract

A process for separating keratinous proteins from a keratin-containing material, the process comprising the steps of: subjecting the keratin-containing material to reduction in a liquid medium to solubilise the keratinous proteins under conditions that minimise hydrolysis of the keratinous proteins, to yield a solution of keratinous proteins and undissolved solids; subjecting the solution of keratinous proteins to peroxide oxidation, without any intervening keratin precipitation step; and separating the solution of keratinous proteins from the undissolved solids prior to, at the same time as, or following the oxidation step. Preferred conditions for performing the reduction step involve contacting the keratin-containing material with a solution of an alkali metal sulfide reducing agent at a temperature of between 25 C and 50 C for a time of between 30 and 90 minutes, assuming atmospheric pressure. The peroxide oxidation is suitably carried out within not more than 4 hours after the reduction step, and involves reducing the pH of the solution to a level not less than pH 10, although pH 11.3 is most preferred. The product is demonstrated to have a principal fraction that has a molecular weight above 10 kDa, reflecting that the disulfide bonds in the keratinous proteins are broken without hydrolysis of the proteins.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for separating keratin from raw keratin, and keratin obtained by the method. Background technique [0002] Various methods disclosed in the art for isolating keratin from a keratin-containing material involve treating the keratin-containing material under extreme conditions that result in proteolysis. As a result, the keratin obtained by these methods has a lower molecular weight than the original protein. Harrap and Woods (Biochem J. 902, 1964, 16) reported a monomeric protein from feathers with a molecular weight of 10.4 kDa. As a result, the molecular weight of keratin obtained from prior art methods is usually below 10.4 kDa. [0003] The inventors of the present invention hypothesized that, for many potential applications, proteins would need to be prepared in a manner that minimizes or preserves natural molecular weight. Especially where the intended application is to provide an alternative ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07K1/107C07K2/00C08H1/06C07K1/14C07K14/435
CPCC07K14/4741C08H1/06
Inventor R·W·克兰斯顿J·M·普尔M·B·希基
Owner AUSTRALIAN WOOL INNOVATION
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