Dissociating agents, formulations and methods providing enhanced solubility of fluorides

A technology of fluoride and dissociating agent, applied in the direction of aqueous electrolyte battery, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-09-02
CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, as mentioned above, its use has significant dis

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  • Dissociating agents, formulations and methods providing enhanced solubility of fluorides
  • Dissociating agents, formulations and methods providing enhanced solubility of fluorides
  • Dissociating agents, formulations and methods providing enhanced solubility of fluorides

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0080] Example 1 : Electrolytes and dissociators for electrochemical cells

[0081] To illustrate the chemistry and use of the additives, compositions, formulations and methods of the invention, electrolytes of the invention were prepared and incorporated into lithium electrochemical cells. The electrolyte used for evaluation consisted of LiF and a suitable dissociator dissolved in a selected nonaqueous organic solvent or mixture of nonaqueous organic solvents. The electrical performance of the electrochemical cells was evaluated to demonstrate the beneficial chemical and physical properties of the electrolytes of the invention.

[0082] 1. Preparation of mother liquor : Prepare 1M LiPF in an argon-filled dry box 6 EC-DMC solution and LiBF 4 γ-BL solution and LiAsF 6 solution of PC and LiClO 4 PC solution (EC is ethylene carbonate, DMC is dimethyl carbonate, PC is propylene carbonate). These solutions are referred to as mother liquors throughout the specification.

...

Embodiment 2

[0093] Example 2: Contrast of LiF-containing and LiF-free carbon fluoride electrode lithium half cells

[0094] Prepare two carbon fluoride electrodes (CF 0.125 ) lithium half-cell. One battery contains 1M LiPF 6 The propylene carbonate (PC) solution of 1M LiF and 1M 12-crown-4 PC solution was used as the electrolyte in another battery. This crown ether acts as a cation acceptor to dissolve LiF in PC. The battery pack was cycled between approximately 3.2V and 5.5V at a rate of 1 mV / s.

[0095] Figure 4 Illustrated during the charge / discharge cycle by containing LiPF 6 The current provided by the battery does not show clear oxidation or reduction peaks in the figure. The battery has a much higher charge capacity than discharge capacity, indicating significant irreversibility.

[0096] Figure 5 The current supplied by a LiF-containing battery during charge / discharge cycling is illustrated showing oxidation peaks at about 3.6V and 4.15V and reduction peaks at about 4V...

Embodiment 3

[0098] Embodiment 3: Containing the fluoride solution of dissociating agent

[0099] Table 2 provides a summary of the experimental conditions that may be employed in the preparation of fluoride solutions of the present invention from various fluoride salts, including NH 4 F, NaF, KF, MgF 2 and AlF 3 .

[0100] Table 2: Examples of Fluoride Solutions

[0101] PC or EC / DMC crown ether anion receptor

[0102] Statement on Incorporation by Reference and Variations

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Abstract

The present invention provides compositions, formulations and methods providing for the effective dissolution of inorganic fluorides in solvents via incorporation of a dissociating agent component. Dissociating agents of the present invention participate in chemical reactions in solution, such as complex formation, acid-base reactions, and adduct formation reactions, that result in enhancement in the dissolution of inorganic fluorides in a range of solvent environments. Dissociating agents comprising Lewis acids, Lewis bases, anion receptors, cation receptors or combinations thereof are provided that significantly increase the extent of dissolution of a range of inorganic fluorides, particularly inorganic fluorides, such as LiF, that are highly insoluble in many solvents in the absence of the dissociating agents of the present invention.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications [0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application 60 / 837,174, filed August 11, 2006, and U.S. Application No. 11 / 681,493, filed March 2, 2007, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. To the extent that it does not deviate from this specification, it is incorporated into this specification. [0003] Statement Regarding Federally Sponsored Research or Development [0004] Not applicable. Background of the invention [0005] Advances in electrochemical storage and conversion devices have significantly expanded the role of these systems in a variety of fields including portable appliances, aerospace technology, communications, and biomedical instrumentation. State-of-the-art electrochemical storage and conversion devices are manufactured with specific styling and performance characteristics to support specific target application needs and operating environments. Such advanced electr...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M6/04
CPCY02E60/12
Inventor R·亚兹密
Owner CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH
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