39 results about "Anion receptor" patented technology

The present invention provides high capacity and high voltage Li-ion batteries that have a carbonaceous cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution comprising LiF salt and an anion receptor that binds the fluoride ion. The batteries can comprise dual intercalating electrode Li ion batteries. Methods of the present invention use a cathode and electrode pair, wherein each of the electrodes reversibly intercalate ions provided by a LiF salt to make a high voltage and high specific capacity dual intercalating electrode Li-ion battery. The present methods and systems provide high-capacity batteries particularly useful in powering devices where minimizing battery mass is important.

The invention discloses an electrolyte system for preventing a spinel lithium titanate radical lithium ion secondary battery from flatulence. An additive is added into the organic electrolyte system; the additive forms a layer of solid electrolyte interface film on the surface of a Li4Ti5O12 electrode in the battery cyclic process due to the reduction reaction of the organic electrolyte system, so as to prevent a lithium titanate electrode from direct contact with the organic electrolyte, thus the flatulence is prevented; the additive consists of one or more of organic lithium borate salt or boron radical compound as negative iron accepter; and the addition amount of the additive is 0.001-30 wt% of the total electrolyte system. The electrolyte system disclosed by the invention adopts the organic lithium borate salt as the film forming additive of the organic electrolyte, forms a layer of stable SEI (solid electrolyte interface) film on the surface of an active material in the battery cyclic process due to the reduction reaction of the organic electrolyte system, thus the flatulence generation phenomena due to the side reaction of the electrolyte and the active material is prevented, and the cyclic life of the battery is improved.

The present invention provides compositions, formulations and methods providing for the effective dissolution of inorganic fluorides in solvents via incorporation of a dissociating agent component. Dissociating agents of the present invention participate in chemical reactions in solution, such as complex formation, acid-base reactions, and adduct formation reactions, that result in enhancement in the dissolution of inorganic fluorides in a range of solvent environments. Dissociating agents comprising Lewis acids, Lewis bases, anion receptors, cation receptors or combinations thereof are provided that significantly increase the extent of dissolution of a range of inorganic fluorides, particularly inorganic fluorides, such as LiF, that are highly insoluble in many solvents in the absence of the dissociating agents of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery which has a small difference between the voltage during discharging and the voltage during charging, thereby having good energy efficiency, and which has a long charging/discharging life. In order to achieve the above-described purpose, a secondary battery of the present invention, which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte solution, is characterized in that: at least one electrode (11), namely the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode contains, as an active material (12), at least one substance that is selected from the group consisting of metal ion-containing fluorides, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal nitrides and metal phosphides; an electrolyte solution (13) contains an anion receptor; and the electrode active material (12) is able to be dissolved in the electrolyte solution (13) by having the anion receptor form a salt or a complex together with anions contained in the electrode active material (12).

The present invention relates to electrochemical storage devices containing a non-aqueous lithium based electrolyte with high ionic conductivity, low impedance, and high thermal stability. More particularly, this invention relates to the design, synthesis and application of novel fluorinated arylboron oxalate based compounds which act as anion receptors and/or additives for non-aqueous batteries. When used as an anion receptor for non-aqueous battery electrolytes, the fluorinated arylboron oxalate enhances conductivity, lithium ion transference number and Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) formation capability during the formation cycling.

The present invention provides compositions, formulations and methods providing for the effective dissolution of inorganic fluorides in solvents via incorporation of a dissociating agent component. Dissociating agents of the present invention participate in chemical reactions in solution, such as complex formation, acid-base reactions, and adduct formation reactions, that result in enhancement in the dissolution of inorganic fluorides in a range of solvent environments. Dissociating agents comprising Lewis acids, Lewis bases, anion receptors, cation receptors or combinations thereof are provided that significantly increase the extent of dissolution of a range of inorganic fluorides, particularly inorganic fluorides, such as LiF, that are highly insoluble in many solvents in the absence of the dissociating agents of the present invention.

The invention provides an anion receptor based on nitrophenylhydrazone and phenolic hydroxyl groups. The anion receptor is prepared by the following steps: 2, 6-diformyl-4-irgasan and paranitrophenylhydrazine are added into a reactor according to the quantity ratio of between 1 to 2 and 1 to 2.5, paratoluenesulfonic acid which accounts for 0.001 to 0.01 percent of the total mass of reactants is added as a catalyst, absolute ethyl alcohol which is 20 to 40 times of the total mass of the reactants is added as a solvent, and the reflux is performed for 3 to 6 hours at a temperature of between 70 and 100 DEG C to generate an orange precipitate; and the mixture is cooled to room temperature, and then the precipitate is filtered, is scrubbed by the absolute ethyl alcohol, and is recrystallized by DMSO to obtain the anion receptor. The anion receptor has the colorimetric identification ability to fluoride ions, acetates and dihydrogen phosphates in a DMSO solution, and has the selective colorimetric detection ability to acetate ions in DMSO/H2O solution. Anion detection test paper prepared by absorbing the anion receptor on the pretreated filter paper and drying the filter paper is used for colorimetric detection of the fluoride ions, the acetates and the dihydrogen phosphates, and has the characteristics of convenience for carrying, convenient use, high detection sensitivity and so on.

An electrolytic solution including: a magnesium salt; a non-aqueous organic solvent; and an anion receptor, wherein the anion receptor comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulae 1 and 2 below:

An aluminum secondary battery includes a positive electrode 11, a negative electrode 12, and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode 11 includes an anion receptor such as polyaniline, the negative electrode 12 includes aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the electrolyte includes an aluminum salt, a sulfone, and a solvent with a dielectric constant of 20 or less, wherein the aluminum salt is typically AlCl₃ or the like, the sulfone is typically ethyl n-propyl sulfone or the like, and the solvent with a dielectric constant of 20 or less is typically toluene or the like.

The invention provides an anion receptor based on 5-nitrofuran formyl hydrazone and phenolic hydroxyl. The anion receptor is obtained by mixing 2, 6-dimethylacyl-4-chlorophenol and 5-(4-nitro)-phenyl-2-benzoyl diazanyl furan according to certain proportion, stirring and refluxing the mixture for 3 to 8 hours at a temperature of between 70 and 100 DEG C by using anhydrous ethanol as a solvent and p-toluene sulfonic acid as a catalyst, distilling out most of the solvent through reducing the pressure, performing suction filtration after cooling, and performing recrystalization on the solid product by using DMSO-EtOH. The anion receptor has color comparison recognizing ability on fluorion, acetic acid radical and phosphoric acid dihydrogen radical in a DMSO solution. The anion receptor is dissolved in DMF to be prepared into 0.5 to 2.0 percent of solution which is cooled to room temperature to be prepare into stable anion receptor organic gel used for performing colorimetric detection on the fluorion, and the acetic acid radical and phosphoric acid dihydrogen radical ions in the DMSO solution. The anion receptor has the advantages of convenience for carrying, convenient use, high detection sensitivity and the like.

The invention provides an application of a perimidine onium anion receptor in high selectivity recognition of acetate ions. According to the method, a sample requiring detection is added to a DMSO solution of a perimidine onium anion receptor, if the sample contains acetate ions, a fluorescence emission spectrum of the perimidine onium anion receptor is significantly enhanced so as to realize high selectivity recognition of the acetate ions.

The invention discloses an azothiourea anion receptor, which is characterized in that molecular structural formula of the azothiourea anion receptor is as shown in the formula I. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the above azothiourea anion receptor. By observing ultraviolet spectrum of the anion receptor, whether halogen anion is F<-> can be identified accurately and rapidly, so as to identify whether dicarboxylate anion added is azelaic acid ion. The preparation method of the anion receptor is easy. The detection only needs macroscopic observation and ultraviolet absorption detection. The detection mode is simple and convenient. Dosage of the anion receptor is low, cost is low, and the invention is easy to realize. The product has very strong practicality.

The invention discloses an artificially synthesized cationic peptide (named as AIK) and applications thereof in preparing an anti-tumor drug. The amino acid sequence of the cationic peptide is shown as SEQ ID NO.1. A research shows that the AIK has an obvious inhibition effect on various solid tumor cells, especially leukemic cells, cells of pulmonary giant cell cancer and hepatoma ascites cells, the anti-tumor activity is possibly combined an anionic acceptor on the surface of tumor cells so as to induce the tumor cells to be subjected to apoptosis and necrosis, and the anti-tumor activity is higher than that of the anti-tumor peptide molecules reported by other researchers. More importantly, the artificially synthesized 25-peptide drug molecules have higher specificity on the tumor cells. After the anti-tumor drug is locally administrated by subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, the subcutaneous growth of liver cancer cells H22 of the tumor-bearing mice can be obviously inhibited and toxic and side effects are lower than chemotherapeutic drugs amethopterin. The artificially synthesized cationic peptide can provide theoretical basis and experimental materials for further researching and developing polypeptide anti-tumor new drugs and small-size targeted anti-tumor new drugs.

A liquid catholyte for a Li—S battery comprises a non-aqueous solution of at least one lithium polysulfide of formula Li₂S_x (wherein x is selected from 4, 6, and 8) and an anion receptor compound capable of complexing with polysulfide anion. The non-aqueous solution typically is composed of the Li₂S_x and the anion receptor compound dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent (e.g., one or more organic ether or fluorinated ether solvents). The anion receptor compound typically is present in the catholyte at a concentration of about 0.1 M to about 4 M. Li—S batteries comprise a metallic lithium anode; a porous conductive substrate; a separator membrane between the anode and the porous conductive substrate; and the liquid catholyte composition within pores of the substrate.

The invention discloses a 1,10-o-phenanthrolin-5,6-dione phenylhydrazine anion receptor and an application thereof. The structural formula of the 1,10-o-phenanthrolin-5,6-dione phenylhydrazine anion receptor is represented by a formula shown in the description. The 1,10-o-phenanthrolin-5,6-dione phenylhydrazine anion receptor is a good receptor for identifying anions and can be applied to the identification on the anions, i.e., F<-> and OH<->, and an imino group (NH) in a molecular structure is an anion binding site.

The present invention provides a method for selective fluorescence recognition and colorimetric recognition of fluorine ions by using a perimidine onium anion receptor. According to the present invention, the fluorescence emission spectrum of the perimidine onium anion receptor is significantly enhanced on the basis of the zero fluorescence after fluorine ions are added to a DMSO solution while the color of the solution is colorless from the yellow color so as to achieve the naked eye recognition; the method has advantages of real-time detection, easy operation, high sensitivity, simple detection equipment, and the like; and the perimidine onium anion receptor can achieve the effective selective recognition of the fluorine ions in the mixed solution of DMSO and water, such that the perimidine onium anion receptor shows the water phase fluorine ion recognition application prospects.