Low-temperature displacement chromatography hydrogen isotope separation device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature displacement chromatography hydrogen isotope separation device and a method. The invention makes the mixed gas of hydrogen isotope gas and helium after being cooled sequentially pass through a cooled main separation column and a cooled product gas collecting column which are filled with granulate palladium-loaded aluminum trioxide (Al2O3 / Pd) to obtain the product gas rich in heavy isotope components of deuterium and tritium; a hot helium flow passes through and heats the main separation column so as to make the released gas sequentially pass through the cooled secondary separation column and the product gas collecting column which are filled with granulate palladium-loaded aluminum trioxide (Al2O3 / Pd) to obtain the product gas rich in heavy isotope components of deuterium and tritium; after the product gas is collected, middle rich gas flowing out from the secondary separation column is directly fed back into a raw material gas tank; and after the middle rich gas feedback process is accomplished, the main separation column and the secondary separation column are heated, and the gas released by heating is collected via a tail gas collecting column. The separation device has simple structure, reasonable separation process, and low cost for the construction and operation of the device. The invention has higher separation factor for hydrogen isotope separation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of nuclear technology application, and in particular relates to a low-temperature displacement chromatography hydrogen isotope separation device and method. The invention is used for the separation of hydrogen isotope components protium (H), deuterium (D) and tritium (T). Background technique [0002] Hydrogen isotope separation is one of the core technologies of the fusion reactor deuterium-tritium nuclear fuel cycle. Through isotope separation, not only can a large amount of unburned deuterium-tritium gas be reused in the operation of the reactor, but also the release of tritium to the environment during the operation of the fusion reactor can be realized. effective control of the quantity. To meet the large-scale hydrogen isotope separation requirements for future fusion reactor operations, a series of hydrogen isotope separation technologies have been developed, including low temperature distillation (LHD), low te...

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Problems solved by technology

This method has the characteristics of continuous feeding and continuous extraction of product gas, but the obvious disadvantage of this method is that during the separation process, the separation column must undergo repeated heating / cooling cycles, and the repeated hydrogen absorption and hydrogen release processes will make the separation material palladium Adverse changes in the hydrogen absorption properties of the separation column, such as powdering of the separation material, changes in the hydrogen absorption properties due to the interaction between palladium and the palladium carrier material, etc., the effective life of the separation column is short; in addition, repeated cooling-heating cycles lead to high energy consumption in the separation process

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