Self-circulation fuel cell control system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-circulation fuel cell control system and a method thereof. A fuel cell electric pile charges and exhausts gas in a bidirectional way, one end of an oxidant passage is provided with a container used for holding an oxidant, the other end of the oxidant passage is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with two ends of the fuel cell electric pile through a first solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve, a bypass pipe provided with a third solenoid valve is connected between the first solenoid valve and the fuel cell electric pile, and a bypass pipe provided with a second solenoid valve is connected between the fourth solenoid valve and the fuel cell electric pile. By sequentially opening and closing the solenoid valves for the control of bidirectional gas charge and exhaust, the oxidant is not needed to be filtered, humidified or heated; and the invention has the advantages of low working pressure, good sealability, simple structure, convenient operation and low cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell systems, and in particular relates to a self-circulating fuel cell control system and a method thereof. Background technique [0002] A fuel cell stack is generally composed of a plurality of battery cells, each of which includes two electrodes (bipolar plates) and a mold electrode assembly (MEA) separating the two electrodes, and is assembled in series with each other to form a fuel cell stack. The electrochemical reaction is achieved by supplying the appropriate reactants to each electrode, ie fuel to one electrode and oxidant to the other, creating a potential difference between the electrodes and thereby generating electrical energy. [0003] In a typical fuel cell system using oxygen in the air as the oxidant, fuel and air enter the fuel cell through a set of channels respectively. Before the air enters the fuel cell, it needs to be treated as follows: [0004] 1. Filter the air through a filter to...

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Problems solved by technology

[0009] 1. Limited by the oxygen concentration in the air, the fuel cell requires a higher working pressure, and the booster circulation pump has a larger workload;

[0010] 2. The water generated by the reaction is mainly discharged together with the air, which is difficult to control and cannot be effectively used in the fuel cell. An additional humidifier is required for the incoming air or better moisturizing measures need to be added to the fuel cell;

[0011] 3. The water generated by the reaction needs a large pressure to be discharged, which further causes the work burden of the booster circulation pump;

[0012] 4. The heat generated by the reaction is discharged together with the air, and cannot be well utilized in the fuel cell. Even if it is partially used in the fuel cell by means of heat exchange, the heat generated by the reaction is not easy to control due to its open structure

[0013] 5. Although the filter can filter out some impurities in the air, it is difficult to work continuously in a highly polluted environment, which seriously affects the performance of the fuel cell

[0014] 6. Although the booster circulation pump can be used to boost the pressure, the workload of the booster circulation pump is further increased in the environment where the oxidant is thin, such as on the plateau, which makes it difficult to ensure the electrochemical reaction speed of the fuel cell, and also affects the performance of the fuel cell. will have a major impact

The disadvantage of this scheme is that if the recovery pump fails, the fuel cell stack cannot function properly

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