Multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method for same

Abstract

A multi-stage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and a control method therefor. The garbage incinerator comprises a material-feeding inlet, a material-feeding grate, an incineration grate, a primary air supply system, and a secondary air supply system. The incineration grate is divided along the longitudinal direction into five units, where the units from the first unit (2) to the fourth unit (5) are standard units, and where the fifth unit (6) is an end extension unit, while each of the units (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) consists of several sliding grate plates, flipping grate plates, and fixed grate plates. The five units divide the entire incineration grate along the longitudinal direction into a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section. Each grate plate of the incineration grate is driven along the horizontal direction by a shaft, and is supported in the horizontal direction on at least three positions by steel frames. The control method for the garbage incinerator comprises control methods for the air supply systems and for the incinerator grate plates. This is to improve the insufficiency in existing garbage incinerators and to increase the burnout rate of garbage incineration.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the incineration of garbage and other wastes, in particular to a multi-stage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and a control method thereof. Background technique [0002] Waste incineration is one of the main ways to realize waste reduction, harmless and resourceful treatment. At present, garbage incineration has gradually become the main way to deal with urban domestic garbage. After modern incineration, the volume of garbage can generally be reduced by 80%-90%. At the same time, various pathogens can be eliminated, and harmful substances can be converted into harmless substances. resource utilization. [0003] Existing waste incineration mostly adopts a mechanical waste incinerator with an incineration grate, and the grate mainly includes: a forward push reciprocating fire grate, a reverse push reciprocating fire grate, a drum type fire grate, and the like. figure 1 The shown garbage incinerator is just a kind of gar...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] 1) Since the above-mentioned fire grate is arranged longitudinally as a whole, it is composed of four rows of fire grate units arranged side by side in the width direction. There is space for the hydraulic drive device in the middle part, and the structure of the grate itself is relatively compact. The space in the middle is small, which causes the heat transfer from the furnace to accumulate in this part, and the temperature rises. According to operating experience, basically The temperature is above 100°C, and the oil pipes of the existing incinerator grate hydraulic drive device mostly adopt a pipe joint connection structure. The excessively high temperature at the junction of the two driving shafts in the middle of the grate will cause the above-mentioned incinerator grate oil cylinder sealing ring to age. Frequent oil leakage may even cause fires, making operation more difficult

[0006] 2) In the prior art, the feeding trolley of the feeding grate of the domestic waste incinerator often has the tail of the trolley tilted too much during the process of pushing the material forward, causing the trolley to be stuck and unable to push the material normally and fall back. The trolley is pulled back to the initial position, which brings many difficulties to the production operation

At the same time, due to the different widths of the feeding grate and the incineration grate in the prior art, the domestic waste is unevenly distributed in the horizontal direction of the grate, which directly affects the combustion effect of the waste

[0007] 3) The existing waste incineration grate unit at the end stage is too short to meet the requirement of burning up the waste as much as possible under the condition of high moisture content of domestic waste in our country

[0008] 4) The cooling effect of the primary air of the fire grate is poor, and the friction between the fire grates is relatively large, resulting in serious wear of the fire grate pieces, which affects the service life, but the replacement cost of the above fire grate is very high

[0009] 5) The turning grate of the existing waste incinerator often has axial movement, which causes the tie rod to break, and the wear between the turning grate and the side wall is serious, which seriously affects the production and operation

[0010] 6) Since China's current waste classification work is not as good as that of western developed countries, there are currently more kitchen waste in China's municipal solid waste, with relatively high water content and low calorific value

In addition, the existing air supply system and the action of the grate are mostly manually adjusted according to the experience of the operator, which is greatly affected by subjective factors and the experience of the operator, and cannot be adjusted in time according to the change in the calorific value of the waste. , leading to poor combustion effect of garbage and high slag rate

[0011] 7) After the grate is turned up to 25 degrees, there is no buffer when it falls back, and the impact on the support wheel is relatively large

[0013] 9) The speed, stroke and frequency of the feeding grate and the sliding grate are controlled by the pressure difference of the material layer. Since the garbage composition and calorific value fluctuate greatly, this control method is not conducive to the burning of garbage

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