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Non-saponification rare earth extraction separation process

A rare earth extraction and separation, non-saponification technology, applied in the field of metallurgy and chemical industry, can solve problems such as reducing production costs, and achieve the effects of reducing production costs, solving ammonia nitrogen wastewater discharge, and reducing acid and alkali consumption.

Active Publication Date: 2014-04-09
宁夏同乐新材料科技有限责任公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] In order to solve the problem of ammonia nitrogen wastewater produced by saponification in the existing extraction system, the present invention provides a non-saponification rare earth extraction and separation process
Use the compound solvent of P507 or P204 acidic phosphine extractant and amine extractant such as N235 as a composite extractant. This extractant can directly extract and separate rare earths without saponification, thus solving the problem of using ammonia saponification at the source. And the problem of producing a large amount of ammonia-containing wastewater in the extraction process also greatly reduces the use of ammonia alkali and acid, reducing production costs
[0010] The technical scheme of the present invention to solve the problems existing in the existing extraction system: a non-saponification rare earth extraction and separation process, which uses an acidic phosphine extraction agent and a basic amine extraction agent other than quaternary ammonium salts in the extraction stage without saponification. Compound extractant prepared by mixing sulfonated kerosene for extraction

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] LaCl with a concentration of 1mol / L and pH=3 3 The solution is the feed liquid, and the extraction agent composed of ammonia saponified P507 (the volume ratio of P507 and kerosene is 1:1, and the saponification rate is 36%) and the compound extraction agent composed of P507-N235-kerosene (the volume ratio of P507 accounts for 30% %, N235 accounted for 25% by volume, and kerosene accounted for 45% by volume), mixed with the above-mentioned feed liquid according to O / A=1:1, and oscillated for 8 minutes. The distribution ratio of La under different extraction systems is shown in Table 1 below:

[0027] Extraction system

P507 saponification system

P507-N235 system

distribution ratio

0.1486

0.1248

[0028] For the P507-N235 composite extractant loaded with lanthanum, 5mol / L hydrochloric acid is used for back extraction. Compared with O / A=5:1, after five stages of countercurrent back extraction, the back extraction rate is 99%. The aci...

Embodiment 2

[0031] Nd(NO 3 ) 3 The solution is the feed liquid, and the extraction agent composed of ammonia saponified P507 (the volume ratio of P507 and kerosene is 1:1, and the saponification rate is 36%), and the composite extraction agent composed of P507-N235-kerosene (the volume ratio of P507 accounts for 30%, N235 accounted for 25% by volume, kerosene accounted for 45% by volume), mixed with the above feed liquid according to O / A=1:1, and oscillated for 8 minutes. The distribution ratio of Nd under different extraction systems is shown in Table 2 below:

[0032] Extraction system

P507 saponification system

P507-N235 system

distribution ratio

0.1777

0.1574

[0033] For the P507-N235 composite extractant loaded with neodymium, 5mol / L nitric acid is used for back extraction, compared with O / A=5:1, and the back extraction rate is 99% after five stages of countercurrent back extraction. The acidity of the rare earth feed solution for export is ...

Embodiment 3

[0036] With Y at a concentration of 0.18 mol / L and pH=3 2 (SO 4 ) 3 The solution is the material liquid, and the diluent of the organic phase is sulfonated kerosene, and the ammonia saponification rate is 20% P507 (P507 volume ratio is 30%), 30% P507-30%N235-40% kerosene composite extractant , mixed with the above feed liquid according to O / A=1:1, and extracted by shaking for 10 min. The distribution ratio of Y under different extraction systems is shown in Table 3 below:

[0037] Extractant type

Saponified 20% P507

Compound extractant

Y distribution ratio

2.437

1.553

[0038] Using 5mol / L hydrochloric acid to back-extract the yttrium-loaded P507-N235 composite extractant, compared with O / A=5:1, after 5 stages of countercurrent back-extraction, the stripping rate reaches 98%.

[0039] The example shows that the complex type extraction composed of P507-N235-kerosene can extract heavy rare earth elements.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy chemical engineering and relates to a novel non-saponification rare earth extraction separation process by using a composite type extracting agent. According to the non-saponification rare earth extraction separation process, a composite solvent which is formed by mixing a P507 or P204 acidic phosphorous extracting agent and an amine extracting agent such as an N235 amine extracting agent is used as the composite type extracting agent, and the extracting agent is not required to be saponified and can be directly used for extracting rare earth, so that the problem that a large amount of ammonia containing waste water is generated during an extraction process due to the fact that ammonia is used for saponifying the extracting agent is thoroughly solved, simultaneously, the usage of ammonia alkali and acid is greatly reduced, and production costs are reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy and chemical industry, and relates to a new process for extracting and separating rare earths without saponification with a composite extractant. That is, the rare earth solution after the rare earth ore is dissolved in acid is used as the feed liquid, and the mixed solvent of the acidic phosphine extractant and the basic amine extractant is used as the organic phase, and the rare earth is directly extracted and separated without saponification. Background technique [0002] At present, my country's rare earth separation enterprises mainly use solvent extraction to separate rare earth elements. The extraction agent mainly adopts P507, P204, etc., and the extraction system includes P507-hydrochloric acid system, P507-nitric acid system and P204-sulfuric acid system, etc. Both P204 and P507 are acidic phosphine extractants, which are weakly acidic, and often form dimer molecules (HA) in non-polar solvents...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B3/40C22B59/00
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 杨幼明聂华平邓声华杨斌叶信宇谢芳浩蓝桥发黄振华沈文明
Owner 宁夏同乐新材料科技有限责任公司