Profound hypothermia discharger adopting full carbon aerogel and stirling cryocooler

Abstract

The invention discloses a profound hypothermia discharger adopting full carbon aerogel. The profound hypothermia discharger adopting the full carbon aerogel comprises a shell, a cold end and a hot end, an absorption layer is arranged on the cold end, and the absorption layer is composed of full carbon aerogel. A full carbon aerogel layer is arranged at the cold end of the profound hypothermia discharger, wherein one side of the full carbon aerogel layer is strong in absorption capability. Full carbon ultralight gel materials adsorbing helium have a high volumetric specific heat capacity within the temperature range of 10K and under 10K, and has a high thermal efficiency at the profound hypothermia under 10K. The invention further discloses a stirling cryocooler, the profound hypothermia discharge adopting the full carbon aerogel is applied to the stirling cryocooler to enable the stirling cryocooler to be good in stability and reliability in a deep low temperature zone, and high in refrigeration effect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a Stirling refrigerator, in particular to a deep-low temperature ejector and a Stirling refrigerator using all-carbon airgel. Background technique [0002] The liquid helium temperature zone plays an indispensable and important role in the fields of national defense, military, energy, medical, aerospace, low temperature physics and so on. Since the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh.Onnes first realized the liquefaction of helium in 1908, the liquid helium temperature zone (4K) has been the focus and difficulty of research in the field of cryogenic engineering. At the same time, especially since the 1980s, human beings have higher technical and performance requirements for cryogenic refrigeration technology, and more and more stringent requirements have been put forward for the efficiency, reliability, volume, weight, and vibration of cryogenic refrigerators. Require. [0003] Regenerative refrigeration technology is an important bra...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, in order to obtain a refrigeration temperature below 10K, the Stirling refrigerator must adopt a structure of 3 or more stages, and too many stages lead to an excessively long ejector, due to the ejector and cylinder in the Stirling expander The gap between them is sealed with a very small distance (about 10μm). At the same time, because the ejector spans a large temperature range and the physical properties of the material change drastically, so that the gap between the piston and the cylinder cannot be guaranteed if the ejector is too long, and it is easy to cause wear. As a result, high reliability and long life cannot be obtained, so its application is limited to the temperature range above 20K and the two-stage structure

[0007] As a kind of regenerative refrigerator, another technical problem that restricts Stirling refrigerators to obtain deep low temperature is: the volumetric specific heat capacity of helium increases sharply in the temperature range below 15K, and the commonly used regenerative fillers (such as lead pellets, The specific heat capacity of stainless steel and other materials) decreases significantly. Although the magnetic regenerating filler (Er3Ni, GOS, etc.) has a high peak volume specific heat capacity, the peak only exists in its phase transition temperature region, which causes the deep and low temperature regenerator. Efficiency decreases dramatically (as Figure 4 shown), which in turn leads to extremely low efficiency of Stirling refrigerators at deep low temperatures, so finding regenerative packings with high specific heat capacity at deep low temperatures (<10K) is one of the ways to improve the inefficiency of Stirling refrigerators in the current deep low temperature range. The essential

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