Mineral leaching method and mineral leaching system for ionic rare earth mine

Abstract

The invention relates to a mineral leaching method for an ionic rare earth mine. The mineral leaching method is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out percolation leaching on the mine by taking ammonia-free electrolyte as a mineral leaching agent, so that positive ions in the mineral leaching agent and ion-phase rare earth adsorbed on the surface of a carrier mine exchange to form a soluble rare earth compound entering the solution; loading the ionic rear earth mine in a mineral leaching exchange column, and adding the ammonia-free mineral leaching agent with the concentration of 2-5% according to the proportion of the mineral leaching agent (liters) to the mine (kilograms) being 0.6-0.8; after the surface of the mine is exposed out, adding top water according to the proportion of the top water (liters) to the mine (kilograms) being about 0.2; and draining away a residual solution in the mineral leaching exchange column fundamentally, namely ending mineral leaching work. The mineral leaching method is high in mineral leaching efficiency, and can prevent the pollution of ammonia nitrogen to the environment.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a leaching method and system for ionic rare earth ore, in particular to a leaching method and system for ionic rare earth ore without ammonia leaching agent and compound leaching agent, belonging to hydrometallurgy field. Background technique

[0002] At present, the commonly used ionic rare earth ore leaching agent is ammonium sulfate, which has the characteristics of low price and high rare earth leaching rate. However, this leaching agent contains NH 4 + , the use of this leaching agent to leaching ionic rare earth ore will produce a large amount of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, causing water pollution. With an annual output of 3,000 tons of rare earth (calculated as REO rare earth oxides), the treatment volume of ammonium sulfate leaching wastewater is about 1.8 million tons per year, the ammonia nitrogen discharge is about 6,000 tons per year, and the cost of ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment is about 25 yuan per ton....

Examples

example 1

[0031] Take ionic rare earth ore-1, ionic phase rare earth 0.097%, moisture 10.86%, use 2% ammonium sulfate for leaching, rare earth leaching rate is 95.05%, penetration time is 6h, leaching period is 58h, leaching solution REO1.26g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.022g / L, Si0.015g / L, Ca0.280g / L, pH4.5; using the 2% leaching agent of the present invention, the rare earth leaching rate is 95.15%, and the penetration time 7.5h, leaching cycle is 60h, leaching solution REO0.94g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.019g / L, Si0.009g / L, Ca0.240g / L, pH4.5.

example 2

[0033] Take ionic rare earth ore-1, ionic phase rare earth 0.097%, moisture 10.86%, use 2% ammonium sulfate for leaching, rare earth leaching rate is 95.05%, penetration time is 6h, leaching period is 58h, leaching solution REO1.26g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.022g / L, Si0.015g / L, Ca0.280g / L, pH4.5; using the 5% leaching agent of the present invention, the rare earth leaching rate is 95.25%, and the penetration time 6h, leaching cycle is 48h, leaching solution REO1.25g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.025g / L, Si0.011g / L, Ca0.320g / L, pH4.5.

example 3

[0035]Take ionic rare earth ore-2, ionic phase rare earth 0.062%, moisture 10.69%, use 2% ammonium sulfate for leaching, the rare earth leaching rate is 92.90%, the penetration time is 5.5h, the leaching period is 56h, and the leaching solution REO0.82g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.016g / L, Si0.009g / L, Ca0.220g / L, pH4.5; using the 2% leaching agent of the present invention, the rare earth leaching rate is 93.01%, and the penetration rate is 93.01%. The time is 7.0h, the leaching period is 58h, the leaching solution is REO0.60g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.010g / L, Si0.009g / L, Ca0.144g / L, pH4.5.

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a leaching method and system for ionic rare earth ore, in particular to a leaching method and system for ionic rare earth ore without ammonia leaching agent and compound leaching agent, belonging to hydrometallurgy field. Background technique

[0002] At present, the commonly used ionic rare earth ore leaching agent is ammonium sulfate, which has the characteristics of low price and high rare earth leaching rate. However, this leaching agent contains NH 4 + , the use of this leaching agent to leaching ionic rare earth ore will produce a large amount of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, causing water pollution. With an annual output of 3,000 tons of rare earth (calculated as REO rare earth oxides), the treatment volume of ammonium sulfate leaching wastewater is about 1.8 million tons per year, the ammonia nitrogen discharge is about 6,000 tons per year, and the cost of ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment is about 25 yuan per ton....

Examples

example 1

[0031] Take ionic rare earth ore-1, ionic phase rare earth 0.097%, moisture 10.86%, use 2% ammonium sulfate for leaching, rare earth leaching rate is 95.05%, penetration time is 6h, leaching period is 58h, leaching solution REO1.26g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.022g / L, Si0.015g / L, Ca0.280g / L, pH4.5; using the 2% leaching agent of the present invention, the rare earth leaching rate is 95.15%, and the penetration time 7.5h, leaching cycle is 60h, leaching solution REO0.94g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.019g / L, Si0.009g / L, Ca0.240g / L, pH4.5.

example 2

[0033] Take ionic rare earth ore-1, ionic phase rare earth 0.097%, moisture 10.86%, use 2% ammonium sulfate for leaching, rare earth leaching rate is 95.05%, penetration time is 6h, leaching period is 58h, leaching solution REO1.26g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.022g / L, Si0.015g / L, Ca0.280g / L, pH4.5; using the 5% leaching agent of the present invention, the rare earth leaching rate is 95.25%, and the penetration time 6h, leaching cycle is 48h, leaching solution REO1.25g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.025g / L, Si0.011g / L, Ca0.320g / L, pH4.5.

example 3

[0035]Take ionic rare earth ore-2, ionic phase rare earth 0.062%, moisture 10.69%, use 2% ammonium sulfate for leaching, the rare earth leaching rate is 92.90%, the penetration time is 5.5h, the leaching period is 56h, and the leaching solution REO0.82g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.016g / L, Si0.009g / L, Ca0.220g / L, pH4.5; using the 2% leaching agent of the present invention, the rare earth leaching rate is 93.01%, and the penetration rate is 93.01%. The time is 7.0h, the leaching period is 58h, the leaching solution is REO0.60g / L, Fe<0.001g / L, Al0.010g / L, Si0.009g / L, Ca0.144g / L, pH4.5.

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