Small beam-switchable antenna capable of conducting omni-directional scanning in H face perpendicular to antenna plane

Abstract

The invention provides a small beam-switchable antenna capable of conducting omni-directional scanning in an H face perpendicular to an antenna plane, belongs to the technical field of electronics, and particularly relates to a beam-switchable antenna technology with PIN diode switches. The antenna comprises a rectangular middle layer insulating substrate with a feed input port, patch vibrators arranged on the surface of the middle layer insulating substrate, a metal grounding plate arranged on the lower surface of the middle layer insulating substrate, four rectangular surface layer insulating substrates tightly attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer insulating substrate, parasitic patches, the PIN diode switches and biasing circuits of control switches, wherein the parasitic patches, the PIN diode switches and the biasing circuits are arranged on the surfaces of the surface layer insulating substrates. Eight beam radiation directions are switches by controlling switching on and switching off of the control switches, and therefore omni-directional scanning in the vertical plane is achieved, the scanning dimension of the antenna is expanded to the plane perpendicular to the antenna from the plane where the antenna is located, the rough scanning method and the fine scanning method are achieved under two different working frequency bands, the application range of the antenna is widened, and different environment requirements can be met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of electronic technology, in particular to the beam switchable antenna technology with a PIN diode switch. Background technique [0002] As more and more information content needs to be transmitted, modern communication systems have higher and higher requirements on the information transmission rate in wireless communication, but due to the existence of multipath fading, the data transmission rate decreases with the increase of signal transmission distance . Numerous studies have shown that the proper use of antennas with switchable beams is one way to solve this problem. The pattern reconfigurable antenna can change the pattern of the transmitting and receiving antennas in real time according to changes in the communication environment, thereby effectively reducing noise interference, combating multipath fading, and improving the information transmission rate. [0003] Literature "A circular disc-shaped antenna wit...

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Problems solved by technology

By switching the switch state connecting the central circular feed patch and the fan-shaped metal patch to make different element antennas work, so the antenna can realize beam switching in five directions in the plane where the antenna is located. However, due to the radiator of the antenna Due to the limitation of characteristics, the beam of the antenna on the E plane (parallel to the direction of the electric field) is relatively narrow, and the 3dB lobe width of each beam on the plane where the antenna is located is 45°. By switching these five beams, each adjacent two beams There is a gap of about 27° between them, that is, there is a scanning blind area of ​​about 135°, which cannot achieve full coverage on the plane where the antenna is located

[0004] In addition, the existing literature rarely involves scanning on the H plane (parallel to the direction of the magnetic field), how to use reconfigurable technology to expand the beam coverage of the antenna unit, realize scanning perpendicular to the plane where the antenna is located, and cover the entire plane, Reducing the size of the antenna and designing the DC biasing circuit for the PIN diode switch in the limited space requires more in-depth research

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