A kind of winter potato cultivation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cultivating winter-planting potatoes. The method comprises the steps of soil preparing, ridging, base fertilizer applying, potato processing, seeding, soil covering, straw or dry weed covering, soil covering on straws or dry weeds for the second time, water and fertilizer applying, plant disease and insect pest managing and harvesting. According to the method, on the basis of a traditional bare land cultivating mode, the method of straw or dry weed covering and fine crushing soil layer covering on the surfaces of the straws or dry weeds is adopted, water in soil in the cultivating layer is effectively prevented from being conveyed to the bed surface, water evaporation of the soil in the cultivating layer is reduced, the fertilizer and water circumstance of the soil is improved, and the effects of early emergence and the high emergence rate are achieved. The surfaces of the straws or dry weeds are covered with a soil layer so that the straws or dry weeds can be pressed and protected against wind blowing, fine crushing soil becomes dry soil easily on the surfaces of the straws or dry weeds, the effect of restraining growth of the straws or dry weeds on the bed surface is achieved, intertillage and weeding are not needed during the growth period, field management labor intensity and costs can be reduced, the additives are the straws or dry weeds and can return to the field after rotting, the amount of organic matter of the soil is increased, environmental friendliness is achieved, and no pollution is caused. According to the method, the rate of survival of seedlings is improved by 8.74%, the growth period is shortened by 11 days, and the number of commodity potatoes is increased by more than 10%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a crop cultivation method, in particular to a winter potato cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. Background technique [0002] Potatoes are the main winter food crops in Fujian Province. The planting area has reached more than 50,000 hectares in recent years. Due to the high economic benefits of planting potatoes, their economic status in the "one excellent and two high" agriculture has been paid more and more attention. In order to obtain a higher yield-increasing effect, in recent years, many scientific researchers have explored the cultivation techniques of using plastic film (such as covering polyethylene plastic film), rice straw, etc. as coverings, which have a significant early-maturing and yield-increasing effect, so they can be rapidly popularized and applied. However, the use of plastic film to cover cultivation has factors that consume material resources and cause environmental...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the use of plastic film to cover cultivation has factors that consume material resources and cause environmental pollution (it is difficult to recycle plastic film, it is difficult to degrade, and the degradation time takes more than a hundred years, which will seriously affect the subsequent yield of other crops), especially when using white plastic film. The overgrown weeds in the film also consume a lot of fertility and sunlight; pure rice straw mulching cultivation requires more grass, and the mulching grass is thick, and it is easy to be damaged by rodents for a long time; while the simple mulching grass is also affected by the wind and reduces the temperature and humidity.

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