Corn grain threshing and separating device and combine harvester with separating device

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn grain threshing and separating device and a combine harvester with the separating device. The corn grain threshing and separating device comprises a threshing roller which is provided with threshing teeth with ball-headed top ends, wherein a threshing concave plate is arranged below the threshing roller and is arranged on a mounting rack, and multiple columns of staggered elliptical holes are formed in the threshing concave plate; a stone collecting tank is arranged at one side, close to a corncob source, of the mounting rack, and a stone collecting tank cover plate is arranged above the stone collecting tank. Through the threshing teeth, grains are prevented from being crushed, and the threshing effect is enhanced; the threshing teeth are matched with the threshing concave plate, so that under the condition of guaranteeing low grain crushing rate, high threshing performance, screening performance and passing characteristic, the working strength, reliability and stability are improved through the mounting rack, and mounting and repair / maintenance are facilitated; the stone collecting tank is closed by the stone collecting tank cover plate, so that corncobs are prevented from falling into the stone collecting tank; meanwhile, through replacing a threshing and separating attachment, on the basis of realizing rice / wheat harvesting, the effect of harvesting corn crops is realized, and the use ratio of the harvester is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of corn threshing, and in particular relates to a corn grain threshing separation device and a combine harvester equipped with the separation device. Background technique [0002] At present, my country's food crops are diverse, widely distributed, and have large regional differences. Among them, wheat, rice, and corn are the most widely distributed and produce the most, and the three together account for more than 86% of the country's total grain output. The corresponding combine harvesters are also divided into wheat combine harvesters, rice combine harvesters, corn combine harvesters, etc. Under the influence of the trend of international harvest machinery technology progress and the promotion of new requirements for accelerating the development of modern agriculture, my country's harvest machinery product technology began to change from Small and medium-sized, single-function to multi-variety, multi-func...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In foreign countries, key-type draft walkers, single longitudinal axial flow, and double longitudinal axial flow platforms are mainly used. As a traditional threshing and separation technology, key-type draft walkers are still the mainstream platform of grain combine harvesters, but in the design Structurally, it satisfies the performance of grain threshing and separation, but it is not suitable for direct harvesting of corn kernels

[0005] At the same time, there are two main methods of corn machine harvesting in my country: one is to use an ear picking and peeling machine to pick off the ears and peel off the bract leaves. After the ears are dried in the sun, they are threshed by a corn thresher. Many, the loss of grain is large, which increases the cost and is not conducive to large-scale production; one is to use the corn combine harvester to directly harvest the corn grain through the replacement of the threshing mechanism and other accessories. This method has high efficiency and improves the utilization of the harvester. rate, therefore, direct harvesting of corn kernels is increasingly becoming a trend for machine harvesting of corn

[0006] At present, there are two main types of threshing concave plates used in corn grain threshing and separation devices: one is the grid type threshing concave plate represented by the patent: 201320875300.5, and the transverse diaphragm formed by flat steel has a cross diameter of 6-16mm Made of round steel, the sieve hole is rectangular, the sieve hole rate is about 40%-70% (the ratio of the total area of ​​the sieve hole to the total area of ​​the threshing concave plate), the removal rate is high, the screening rate is high, and the adaptability is wide. However, the diaphragm has edges and corners and protrudes from the threshing concave plate body, which leads to a high breakage rate, especially when the moisture content of corn kernels is high in direct grain harvesting, and the strength of the threshing mechanism of this structure is poor, and it is easy to deform and damage , leading to high maintenance costs; one is the punching threshing concave plate represented by the patent: 201120234108.9, the holes are round holes or long holes, the hole diameter is 15-17mm, the sieve hole rate is about 32%, the manufacturing process is simple, The removal rate is high and the breakage rate is low, but the corn grains passability is poor, the screening rate is low, and the whole threshing concave plate is integrated with other parts, the stability and maintenance convenience are poor, and the threshing gap cannot be adjusted. has greater limitations on

[0007] Moreover, there are three main types of threshing teeth currently used in corn grain threshing and separation devices: one is plate cutter teeth, which have strong grasping and combing threshing effects, and have better adaptability when crops are fed unevenly, but they are not suitable for corn grains. The damage is greater; one is the short and thick conical teeth, which cause less damage to the corn kernels, but the threshing efficiency is low; the other is the threshing tooth disc, which has a strong threshing ability and high threshing efficiency, but the reliability is relatively low. Low

The above three threshing gears require the moisture content of corn kernels to be less than 18%. If the moisture content is higher than this level, the breakage rate of the kernels will be greatly increased; there are three main types of threshing rollers used in combine harvesters: one is nail The toothed roller has strong grasping ability, strong adaptability when the crops are fed unevenly, and strong threshing ability; one is the grained rod roller, which has better threshing performance, but poor adaptability when the crops are fed unevenly, and is easy to threshing. The clogged roller; one is the rod-toothed roller, which crushes the ears of corn and threshes the kernels by extrusion. The threshing performance is better and the crushing rate is lower; The problem of high crushing rate. The threshing teeth of the rod-toothed drum are short rod teeth, which are machined parts. The upper end is a spherical cylinder, and the lower end is assembled on the gear rod by threads. The cost of use is relatively high, and the existing drum body is spliced, consisting of multiple plates spliced ​​together, which is difficult to manufacture and poor in reliability

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