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Device and method for smelting lithium through vacuum thermal reduction of metal

A metal heat and metal lithium technology, applied in the field of metallurgy, can solve the problems of low metal lithium grade, difficult operation, and immature metal lithium collection technology, and achieve high product yield and purity, convenient placement and removal, and good application prospects Effect

Active Publication Date: 2015-03-04
NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The carbothermal reduction method and hydrothermal reduction method are not easy to carry out industrial promotion due to reasons such as high reduction temperature, difficult operation, and low grade of metal lithium; and the metallothermal reduction method of silicon, aluminum and their alloys has the most industrial application value. At present, semi-industrial tests of metallothermal reduction lithium smelting have been reported in the literature
However, the main reason for limiting the promotion of this method is that the collection technology of metallic lithium is immature, which affects production efficiency, resulting in high energy consumption and high production costs per unit mass of metallic lithium.

Method used

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  • Device and method for smelting lithium through vacuum thermal reduction of metal
  • Device and method for smelting lithium through vacuum thermal reduction of metal
  • Device and method for smelting lithium through vacuum thermal reduction of metal

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] The structure of the vacuum metallothermic reduction lithium smelting device is as follows: figure 1 As shown, it includes a heating resistance furnace 1 and a reaction tank 6; the bottom of the reaction tank 6 is located in the heating resistance furnace 1, and the top of the reaction tank 6 is provided with a cooling water jacket 7; the top of the reaction tank 6 is sealed with the flange cover 20, The flange cover 20 is provided with a vacuum port 11 and an air filling hole 9;

[0034] The flange cover 20 is fixed together with the reaction tank 6 by fastening bolts 8, and a gasket 12 is arranged between the flange cover 20 and the reaction tank 6;

[0035] Wherein reaction tank 6 is placed with bucket 3, movable support 4 and support cylinder 17; Material bucket 3 is positioned at the bottom of reaction tank 6 and is positioned at the inside of heating resistance furnace 1, movable support 4 is placed on the top of bucket 3, and support cylinder 17 is placed on On ...

Embodiment 2

[0048] The device structure of the vacuum metallothermic reduction smelting lithium is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that:

[0049] The condenser is composed of 2 condensing sheets, and the structure of the condensing sheet with through holes is as follows: Figure 7 shown;

[0050] The method of vacuum metallothermic reduction refining lithium is the same as embodiment 1, the difference is:

[0051] Lithium carbonate and calcium oxide are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:2.5, and calcined for 1.5 hours at 850°C and a vacuum degree of ≤100Pa to obtain lithium-containing clinker;

[0052] The mixing ratio of lithium-containing clinker and ferrosilicon alloy is 3.6:1 according to the molar ratio of lithium in lithium-containing clinker and silicon in ferrosilicon alloy; the weight content of silicon in ferrosilicon alloy is 85%;

[0053] Vacuum thermal reduction reaction, the reaction time is 4h;

[0054] Heat the reaction tank through the insulation resistance ...

Embodiment 3

[0057] The device structure of the vacuum metallothermic reduction smelting lithium is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that:

[0058] Condenser consists of 1 condensing sheet, no condensing sheet with through holes;

[0059] The method of vacuum metallothermic reduction refining lithium is the same as embodiment 1, the difference is:

[0060] Lithium carbonate and calcium oxide are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:3, and calcined for 1 hour at 1000°C and vacuum degree ≤100Pa to obtain lithium-containing clinker;

[0061] The mixing ratio of lithium-containing clinker and ferrosilicon alloy is 4:1 according to the molar ratio of lithium in lithium-containing clinker and silicon in ferrosilicon alloy; the weight content of silicon in ferrosilicon alloy is 98%;

[0062] Vacuum thermal reduction reaction, the reaction time is 1.5h;

[0063] Heat the reaction tank through the insulation resistance furnace outside the reaction tank, control the temperature measured by ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for smelting lithium through vacuum thermal reduction of metal. The device comprises a heating resistance furnace and a reaction tank, wherein a charging basket, a movable support and a supporting cylinder are placed in the reaction tank; the movable support is placed at the top of the charging basket, and the supporting cylinder is placed on the movable support; and a collector is placed on a fixed support, and a condenser is placed on the collector. The method comprises the following steps of (1) placing reaction materials for smelting lithium into the charging basket; (2) sealing the reaction tank, vacuumizing, introducing cooling water, heating the materials in the charging basket, and carrying out vacuum thermal reduction reaction; condensing lithium metal steam on the condenser, and then, enabling the lithium metal steam to enter the collector; and (3) stopping heating, introducing inert gases to a normal-pressure environment, and cooling the reaction tank to normal temperature to obtain lithium metal in the collector. The device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to operate and suitable for large-scale production; and due to the combination of the charging basket, the movable support and the supporting cylinder, the materials can be more conveniently placed and taken out.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and in particular relates to a device and method for vacuum metallothermal reduction smelting lithium. Background technique [0002] Lithium metal has unique physical and chemical properties and is widely used in emerging fields such as aerospace, nuclear power generation, and energy batteries. The demand has increased dramatically in recent years. The production methods of metal lithium mainly include molten salt electrolysis and vacuum thermal reduction. Molten salt electrolysis is the main method of industrial production of lithium metal at present, and the process is mature, but the production raw material of this process is high-purity lithium chloride, and the cost is high; the harmful impurities such as sodium and potassium in the primary product are high; the anode gas is Chlorine gas pollutes the environment and corrodes equipment; the process is long. The vacuum thermal reduction m...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B9/04C22B26/12
Inventor 狄跃忠彭建平王耀武冯乃祥
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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