Floating tube sealing structure of vertical tube and tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical column tube heat exchanger floating tube sealing structure which is composed of a sealing sleeve, ceramic fiber fillers, an annular baffle, a cylinder, a heat exchange tube, a tube feeding plate and a fire-resistant material. The lower end of the sealing sleeve is a circular ring with a smooth inner hole, and the sealing sleeve is arranged on a smooth heat exchange tube cylinder surface in a sleeving mode. The upper end of the sealing sleeve is fixed to the tube hole edge of the tube feeding plate through a brim. The top of the sealing sleeve is provided with a positioning groove, and the sealing sleeve is internally and fixedly provided with the cylinder. A gap is reserved between the inner surface of the cylinder and the heat exchange tube, and the outer surface blocks the fire-resistant material. The smooth inner hole in the circular ring at the lower end of the sealing sleeve and the smooth cylinder surface of the heat exchange tube are in interference fit with each other at the normal temperature. A sealing sleeve mounting method includes the steps that 1, firstly the heat exchange tube is arranged in a tube hole of the tube feeding plate; 2, the sealing sleeve is mounted through a hot charging mode and arranged on the heat exchange tube in a sleeving mode to be arranged in the tube hole of the tube feeding plate, and it is guaranteed that gaps between the inner wall of the sealing sleeve and the periphery of the heat exchange tube are even when the sealing sleeve is fixed in a welding mode. By means of improvement, air leakage, caused by multiple factors, of an air preheater can be avoided, and tedious and repeated maintenance operation can be further omitted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a chemical production equipment, in particular to a floating tube sealing structure of an air preheater of a carbon black production equipment. Background technique [0002] The vertical tube heat exchanger is the basic structural form of the air preheater of carbon black production equipment. The dust content of carbon black flue gas is very high, the dust accumulation speed of each heat exchange tube is inconsistent, and the thermal expansion and elongation vary greatly. Floating tube sealing is the inevitable choice of air preheater; the existing technology of floating tube sealing structure is simply a sealing sleeve technology with upper and lower functional areas (ZL200820176623.4 and ZL201310141231.X), and the upper functional area is Packing sealing area, the lower functional area is the contact sealing area, the former is the seal set for equipment testing and pressure testing at room temperature; the latter is the sea...

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Problems solved by technology

However, there are two major disadvantages in the prior art: ① the problem of packing seal, any sealing packing has "ablation" phenomenon, and the compacted packing can meet the sealing requirements at room temperature, and it will be re-pressed after "ablation" It can't be sealed anymore, but the equipment needs to be checked and tested regularly, what should I do? It is necessary to carry out the compaction operation of the sealing packing. The hundreds of packing seals of an air preheater must be compacted one by one, and the operation must be drilled into the narrow upper smoke box, which is dirty, tiring and troublesome; ②Contact sealing The problem is that the "zero-gap" contact seal of the sealing sleeve can only be realized when the heat exchange tube is heated to a certain height. For example, the heat exchange tube blocked by dust accumulation and other reasons will not pass through high-temperature flue gas, and the temperature will not increase. It is impossible to achieve "zero gap" contact seal; although the air preheater is allowed to have an air leakage of 5‰, there are three or two sealing sleeves with a slight air leakage and it does not affect the overall situation, but if the number is too large, the entire upper smoke box will occur The occurrence of this phenomenon of "spontaneous combustion of flue gas" will lead to a reduction in the recovery of carbon black products, and the furnace has to be shut down for maintenance in advance, thus increasing the number of shutdowns and affecting the production of carbon black

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