Domestic refuse plasma gasification reaction furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a domestic refuse plasma gasification reaction furnace which comprises a pyrolysis gasification reaction chamber and an ash melting chamber, wherein the pyrolysis gasification reaction chamber comprises a top end socket, a middle cylinder and a bottom cone port, wherein a conical-pipe-shaped refuse inlet is embedded and installed in the top end socket; the middle cylinder is provided with a synthetic gas outlet; the mounting height of the synthetic gas outlet is greater than the base plane of the conical pipe; the ash melting chamber comprises a cylinder and a bottom end socket; the cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of plasma torch mounting ports on the same horizontal plane; the cylinder is also uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlets on another same horizontal plane; and air introduced through the air inlets is matched with heating of the plasma torches to perform secondary gasification. The plasma torches are used as the external heat source to melt the ash generated after domestic refuse pyrolysis gasification, thereby removing all the harmful substances which are possibly generated in the domestic refuse pyrolysis gasification process, lowering the disposable input cost and operating cost for refuse plasma gasification, and purifying the synthetic gas.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gasification gasification device for solid waste mainly including municipal domestic waste, in particular to a domestic waste plasma gasification reactor capable of preventing dioxin generation and heavy metal secondary pollution. Background technique [0002] With the continuous growth of the global economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the generation of domestic waste has become an increasingly serious environmental problem. The increasing output of municipal solid waste and its environmental pollution has become a common problem faced by all countries. Harmless treatment of municipal solid waste is one of the important measures to promote the sustainable development of economy and ecological environment. [0003] At present, the harmless treatment technologies of municipal solid waste include composting technology, landfill technology, incineration technology and gasification technology. Neither landfill nor compo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, the current plasma waste gasification technology still has many deficiencies.

First of all, direct gasification of garbage with a plasma torch requires a huge amount of power, and its power consumption rate can reach 30% to 40% of the power it produces. Due to the high power consumption, the operating cost is greatly increased, making it unworthy of commercial operation

Second, this method gasifies garbage, and a dioxin treatment device needs to be added to the subsequent gas purification process, which increases the initial one-time investment and greatly increases the equipment cost

Third, using a plasma torch to directly gasify garbage, due to the uneven distribution of its temperature field, the garbage cannot be completely treated at high temperature, and there will be a large amount of dioxins and other harmful substances in the discharged waste residue, which makes the treatment of its waste residue become a problem. a problem

Fourth, the existing garbage plasma gasification furnace has a relatively simple furnace type. Due to the extremely uneven temperature distribution in the plasma gasification furnace, the temperature in the area where the plasma torch is located is relatively high, which makes the furnace chamber heated unevenly and prone to rupture

Moreover, the integral pouring of refractory materials also makes it extremely difficult to replace the furnace of the gasification chamber

In addition, the existing furnace structure is not conducive to the optimization of the reaction process, which makes the space utilization rate of the gasification furnace low

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