216 results about "Plasma gasification" patented technology

The invention discloses a gasification-liquefaction disposal method, a system and equipment for household garbage, which relates to an organic waste disposal method and equipment for household garbage. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: pretreating household garbage, and delivering the pretreated household garbage into a plasma gasification furnace for gasification to generate hydrogen rich synthetic gas; then cooling, deacidifying and dedusting the hydrogen rich synthetic gas to separate CO2; then producing methanol in a methanol synthesis reactor; returning the separated CO2 to a gasification system to carry out carbonation reaction with calcium oxide to release heat for providing auxiliary heat energy for gasification, and simultaneously avoiding discharge of greenhouse gases to the environment; and returning tail gas to the plasma gasification furnace for remelting treatment, thus forming a closed-loop circulation production system. Disposal of the household garbage with zero discharge and no pollution is realized, the dioxin pollution problem is avoided, and the household garbage is converted to chemical raw materials and fuel needed by people. The invention is suitable for harmless and recycling disposal of the household garbage, industrial high polymer wastes, wastes produced by utilizing a composting method and waste in a garbage sorting site.

A method and apparatus for plasma gasification of waste materials consisting of organic and inorganic portions is provided which includes a refractory-lined reactor vessel, a feeder mechanism, and a DC electrode device. The refractory-lined reactor vessel has a processing chamber formed therein. The feeder mechanism feeds continuously waste materials into the processing chamber at a controlled feed rate. The DC electrode device is used for heating the processing chamber to a sufficient temperature so as to convert the organic portions of the waste materials to a synthetic gas consisting of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and to a carbon particulate, and to convert the inorganic portions of the waste materials to a molten material consisting of a lower metallic layer and a slag layer formed on top of the metallic layer.

The invention discloses a plasma garbage treatment system and method, comprising: a superheated steam drier to dry garbage; a plasma gasification furnace pyrolyzing the dried garbage under the high temperature of a plasma torch to generate hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide Mixed gas; the high temperature heat exchanger performs heat exchange and cooling of the mixed gas; the oxygen heat exchanger uses the mixed gas after heat exchange and cooling to heat the combustion-supporting oxygen to output flue gas; the quench tower uses lye to cool the oxygen output from the oxygen heat exchanger The flue gas is cooled and deacidified; the first dust collector removes dust from the flue gas treated by the quenching tower; the induced draft fan transmits the flue gas after the first dust collector removes dust; the gas internal combustion engine uses the flue gas transmitted by the induced fan to drive the generator Generate electricity and output flue gas; the waste heat boiler cools the flue gas output by the gas-fired internal combustion engine; the second dust collector removes dust from the flue gas cooled by the waste heat boiler, and sends it to the chimney for emission. By adopting the invention, the waste heat utilization rate and thermal efficiency of waste treatment can be improved.

The system contained within this application for non-provisional patent protection provides the ability to convert municipal solid waste materials, used tires, various biomass including wood chips and other agricultural waste, and the addition of coal into synthesis gas (syngas), with oxygen as plasma gas. The system will accommodate the possibility for variation in feedstock co-gasification of the various materials with plasma torches that will be embedded in a plasma gasification unit. One converted into synthesis gas (syngas), the syngas will be cleaned of acid gases and carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide will be captured and converted for various industrial applications instead of being released into the atmosphere. Clean syngas generated by the system will become the gas fuel for various energy solutions including clean electricity, as substitute for natural gas, and ultra clean FT synthetic fuels.

A plasma gasification device for converting raw garbage materials to synthetic gas with high heat value relates to a gasification process device of garbage. The device mainly comprises a gasification reaction furnace, a circular air pipe, a circular blower, a plasma burner, and a screw feeder, wherein the gasification reaction furnace is divided into a baking zone, a pyrolysis zone, a gasification zone, a burning zone and an air chamber according to operation conditions, a flue gas output port is arranged above the baking zone, a synthetic gas output port is arranged at the joint site of the pyrolysis zone and the gasification zone, and a flue gas recirculation input port is arranged inside the air chamber; and a flue gas recirculation air pipe is connected between the flue gas output port and an induced draft port of the circular blower, the air outgoing port of the circular blower is connected with the flue gas recirculation input port, a plasma spray gun is installed on the side wall of the burning zone, and the discharge port of the screw feeder protrudes from the front part of the baking zone into the furnace. The inventive device can treat garbage and convert the garage into synthetic gas with high heat value, which can be used for producing secondary clean energy products, at the same time.

A method and apparatus for gasifying carbonic material in order to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen; the method comprises the following steps: (a) providing carbonic material; (b) heating, by means of microwave radiation, the carbonic material provided until a plasma point cloud forms in the carbonic material; (c) causing the cloud of plasma points of carbonic material to react with superheated water vapour in order to produce a synthesis gas; and (d) purifying the produced synthesis gas by refeeding it through the cloud of plasma points in the carbonic material wherein it is broken up by microwave radiation of step (b) to achieve the generally complete transformation of the synthesis gas into carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Additionally the cloud of plasma points reacts with oxidation gas (air, oxygen or gas enriched with oxygen) in order to produce the synthesis gas.

This invention relates to a plasma tails treatment. Hot tails that contains steam and tar vapor from cokery is directly fed into a plasma gasifier to produce synthetic gas, reduced gas and fuel gas. Its procedure is short and easy to operate, has high heat efficiency and little pollution, and needs no catalyst, so as to eliminate toxic operation caused by catalyst decomposition.

The invention discloses a power generation method and device adopting the plasma gasification of household garbage and biomass. The power generation device comprises a plasma torch and the working gas can be nitrogen, argon, water vapor or air. A plasma reactor converts household garbage or biomass to a synthesis gas, thus a defined amount of air or oxygen-enriched gas can be used to partly release the calorific value of the organic matter. The synthesis gas is cooled fast with a specially designed gas-water heat exchanger and steam can also be produced. The purification treatment of the synthesis gas adopts the dry process deacidification, the semi-dry process deacidification or the wet process deacidification while a bag filler is used for dedusting, or a small-scale reinforced wet-process spraying deacidification device is used in one device to complete deacidification and dedusting at the same time. An activated carbon adsorption bed is arranged after the deacidification and dedusting devices and used to adsorb heavy metals and dioxin organic pollutants. The clean synthesis gas and an internal combustion gas engine, small-scale gas turbine, steam turbine or centralized generator set are used for power generation; and the combined cycle of cogeneration can be adopted to produce liquid fuel.

The invention discloses recycling treatment method and apparatus for oil-containing sludge. The method includes steps of: 1) performing dehydration to the oil-containing sludge to separate an oil/water mixture, feeding the oil/water mixture to an oil-water separator to separate the water phase and the oil phase; 2) drying the dehydrated oil-containing sludge to discharge water and oil vapor, thusforming solid oil sludge; 3) sending the discharged water and oil vapor to the oil-water separator; 4) pyrolyzing the dried solid oil sludge to form pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis charcoal; 5) performing plasma gasification to the pyrolysis charcoal to form synthetic gas and vitreous body slag; 6) performing heat exchange to the pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 4) and the synthetic gas in the step 5) and feeding the gas to a fuel power generation apparatus; 7) sending one part of the vitreous body slag, obtained in the step 5), to a pyrolysis furnace as a heat source, and coolingthe other part to room temperature to obtain a building material. The method can convert the oil-containing sludge into the vitreous body slag and synthetic gas without secondary pollution, thus achieving harmless treatment of the oil-containing sludge.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nanometer silicon composite material with a core-shell structure. A silicon rod of a high-purity semiconductor (9N-grade crystal silicon) or solar-grade (6N-grade crystal silicon) cast ingot is directly adopted, the content of phosphorus or boron as a semiconductor silicon doped element is strengthened through the approaches of arc discharge, high temperature plasma gasification, activation treatment and solution grafting, the conversion ratio and purity of a finished product are higher, and a silicon nanosphere has the core-shell structure, so that the prepared nanometer silicon composite material is not easy to agglomerate and oxidize, easy to store, simple and feasible in preparation method and suitable for large-scale production.

The invention discloses a plasma gasification refuse disposal method and a device, comprising a pyrolysis gasification unit, a quench tower and a turbulent tower. A pyrolysis gasification furnace, an expansion reaction chamber, the quench tower and the turbulent tower are sequentially connected by a channel to form a vertically-alternate curve manifold gas channel. More than two of alternating-current plasma torches are arranged on the wall of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and an air supply pipe is arranged on the alternating-current plasma torch. The axial lines of the alternating-current plasma torches are tangent with concentric circle taking the axial line of the pyrolysis gasification furnace as the center; a low-power alternating-current plasma torch is arranged on at least one of the expansion reaction chamber or the gas channel of the expansion reaction chamber and the quench tower to perform secondary pyrolysis. The quench tower is used for cooling gas, and the turbulent tower is used for desulfurizing and purifying gas. The invention uses the plasma technology to perform industrial gasification to the municipal solid waste so as to obtain usable gas; and the emission can achieve the environmental standards.

The present invention discloses a medical waste plasma processing apparatus, including a feeding device, a plasma gasifier (4), a plasma secondary combustion chamber (18) and a deslagging device (8). The plasma gasifier (4) employs a vertical shaft furnace structure, and includes a garbage gasifier (9) on the upper part and an ash molten pool (10) on the lower part; the medical waste is sent into the plasma gasifier by the feeding device, and subjected to gasification, burning and melting treatment; the gasification synthetic gas formed in the garbage gasifier (9) enters a the plasma secondary combustion chamber (18); molten slag produced in the ash molten pool (10) is discharged into the deslagging device (8); and the gasification synthetic gas fully combusts in the plasma gasification secondary combustion chamber (18). The apparatus of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency of treatment on medical waste, good environmental effect, and convenience for usage.

The invention discloses plasma waste gasification and pyrolysis equipment. The plasma waste gasification and pyrolysis equipment comprises a plasma waste gasification furnace, a waste pyrolysis furnace and a waste automatic feeding device; a synthesis gas outlet is formed in the top of the gasification furnace; a gasification furnace top plasma torch is arranged on the top of the gasification furnace; feeding ports of a plurality of gasification furnace cabins are formed in the middle lower part of the gasification furnace; a gasification furnace air distribution plate is arranged below the feed ports, and a gasification bottom plasma torch is arranged on the bottom of the gasification furnace; a pyrolysis synthesis gas outlet is formed in the top of the pyrolysis furnace, a feed port of the pyrolysis furnace cabin is formed in the middle lower part of the pyrolysis furnace, a pyrolysis furnace air distribution plate is arranged below the feed port. Household garbage enters the gasification furnace from the gasification furnace cabin through feed ports, gasification media enter the gasification furnace through the gasification furnace air distribution plate and carry out gasification reaction with the garbage to generate synthesis gas; the synthesis output from the top of the gasification furnace enters the pyrolysis furnace through the pyrolysis furnace air distribution plate and then carries out pyrolysis reaction with the garbage entering from the pyrolysis furnace cabin.

The invention discloses a biomass pyrolysis gasification method which includes the following steps: 1) feeding a biomass raw material into a microwave pyrolysis reaction section to perform pyrolysis under microwave to generate gas, tar and semicoke as pyrolysis products; 2) respectively feeding the pyrolysis products and a first working gas into a microwave oriented gasification section to perform a gasification reaction to obtain a gasification product; 3) in the gasification product, separating gasified semicoke into two parts, wherein one part is spirally transported to the upper part of a microwave pyrolysis reaction section from the bottom of the microwave oriented gasification section so that this part of semicoke is mixed with the biomass raw material to perform microwave pyrolysis, and the other part of the semicoke is spirally transported to a plasma reaction section with a gas-phase volatile component in the gasification product; 4) performing a plasma gasification reaction to the material fed into the plasma reaction section to obtain high-quality synthetic gas which then is discharged out from a gas outlet while solid residues are discharged from the bottom of the plasma reaction section. The method is high in biomass gasification rate and carbon conversion rate. The synthetic gas is high in quality, can satisfy demand on synthetic liquid fuels and has excellent application prospect.

A process and system for producing liquid and gas fuels and other useful chemicals from carbon containing source materials comprises cool plasma gasification and/or pyrolysis of a source material to produce synthesis gas using the produced synthesis gas for the production of a hydrocarbon, methanol, ammonia, urea, and other products. The process and system are capable of sequestering carbon dioxide and reducing NOx and SOx.

The invention discloses a plasma gasification and melting system for solid waste centralized processing, and relates to the technical field of solid waste thermochemical treatment. The system comprises a plasma gasification and melting furnace, a synthesis gas outlet of the plasma gasification and melting furnace is connected with a secondary combustion chamber, a high-temperature smoke outlet ofthe secondary combustion chamber is sequentially connected with a waste heat recycling system and a smoke purifying system, and the synthesis gas outlet of the plasma gasification and melting furnaceis further connected with a reforming chamber, a high-temperature synthesis gas outlet of the reforming chamber is sequentially connected with a heat exchange system and a synthesis gas purifying system. The controlled oxygen combustion technology is adopted in the plasma gasification and melting furnace, the excessive air coefficient of primary air is about 0.3 to 0.5, the dust amount in rough synthesis gas can be effectively reduced, re-generation of toxic and harmful substances of dioxin and furan can be restrained, and the production of flying ash amount can be reduced.

The invention discloses a domestic refuse plasma gasification reaction furnace which comprises a pyrolysis gasification reaction chamber and an ash melting chamber, wherein the pyrolysis gasification reaction chamber comprises a top end socket, a middle cylinder and a bottom cone port, wherein a conical-pipe-shaped refuse inlet is embedded and installed in the top end socket; the middle cylinder is provided with a synthetic gas outlet; the mounting height of the synthetic gas outlet is greater than the base plane of the conical pipe; the ash melting chamber comprises a cylinder and a bottom end socket; the cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of plasma torch mounting ports on the same horizontal plane; the cylinder is also uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlets on another same horizontal plane; and air introduced through the air inlets is matched with heating of the plasma torches to perform secondary gasification. The plasma torches are used as the external heat source to melt the ash generated after domestic refuse pyrolysis gasification, thereby removing all the harmful substances which are possibly generated in the domestic refuse pyrolysis gasification process, lowering the disposable input cost and operating cost for refuse plasma gasification, and purifying the synthetic gas.

The invention discloses a garbage plasma gasification furnace taking vapor as a gasification medium. The garbage plasma gasification furnace comprises an upper garbage gasification room and a low high-temperature vapor generating room, wherein water-cooling furnace arches which are arranged at intervals are arranged between the garbage gasification room and the vapor generating room; the garbage gasification room is separated from the high-temperature vapor generating room by virtue of the water-cooling furnace arches; two plasma torches are arranged along the peripheral direction of the inner wall of the high-temperature vapor generating room; low-temperature vapor is taken as a working gas of the plasma torches. According to the garbage plasma gasification furnace disclosed by the invention, the vapor plasmas are adopted to gasify the garbage, so that a high-temperature and high-energy environment is provided for the gasification reaction, and thus, the material heating rate is high and the reaction rate is high, the treatment efficiency is very high and some reactions which cannot be performed under the common gasification condition further can be generated.

The invention provides a calcium oxide and plasma body cooperative gasified domestic garbage gasification system and equipment, which relate to solid organic waste disposal equipment. The gasification system consists of a plasma body gasification furnace, an air sealing material feeding device, a heat exchanger, a draught fan and a cyclone separator, wherein a material outlet of the air sealing material feeding device is connected to a material inlet of the gasification furnace, a thermolytical air outlet of the gasification furnace is connected to a carbonatation reaction chamber of the heat exchanger, a hot carrier outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a hot carrier inlet of the gasification furnace, the hot carrier outlet of the gasification furnace is connected to the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is connected to the draught fan, the draught fan is connected to a thermolytical air inlet of the heat exchanger, a thermolytical air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a thermolytical air inlet of the gasification furnace, and a synthesis air outlet is connected out at the engagement position of a thermolytical region and a gasification region. The system can realize the domestic garbage disposal without discharge or pollution, and is applicable to the harmless disposal of urban domestic garbage, rural domestic garbage, medical garbage, industrial high molecular waste materials and the like.

The invention discloses a metal forming device and method. The device comprises a metal forming coil, a die, a power source, a blank holder and a constraint cavity for centralizing shock waves generated during high-temperature gasification of the metal forming coil. The die and a workpiece are oppositely put, blank holding force is applied to the flange region of the workpiece through the blank holder, and the forming coil is put between the workpiece and the constraint cavity and connected with the power source. During working, the forming coil senses pulse electromagnetic force in the workpiece region through pulse currents to drive the workpiece to deform; and meanwhile, joule heat is generated in the forming coil region through the pulse currents, the temperature exceeds the melting point of metal so that metal gasification can occur, plasma is generated, the shock waves are generated, and the workpiece is driven to further deform. Pulse electricity and the shock waves generated through through-flow metal plasma gasification are combined, high-speed pulse forming of the metal workpiece is achieved, the machining difficulty and cost of the forming coil are effectively reduced, the requirements of forming on the conductivity of the workpiece are lowered, and the forming capacity is remarkably improved.