Power generation method and device adopting plasma gasification of household garbage and biomass

Abstract

The invention discloses a power generation method and device adopting the plasma gasification of household garbage and biomass. The power generation device comprises a plasma torch and the working gas can be nitrogen, argon, water vapor or air. A plasma reactor converts household garbage or biomass to a synthesis gas, thus a defined amount of air or oxygen-enriched gas can be used to partly release the calorific value of the organic matter. The synthesis gas is cooled fast with a specially designed gas-water heat exchanger and steam can also be produced. The purification treatment of the synthesis gas adopts the dry process deacidification, the semi-dry process deacidification or the wet process deacidification while a bag filler is used for dedusting, or a small-scale reinforced wet-process spraying deacidification device is used in one device to complete deacidification and dedusting at the same time. An activated carbon adsorption bed is arranged after the deacidification and dedusting devices and used to adsorb heavy metals and dioxin organic pollutants. The clean synthesis gas and an internal combustion gas engine, small-scale gas turbine, steam turbine or centralized generator set are used for power generation; and the combined cycle of cogeneration can be adopted to produce liquid fuel.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of domestic garbage or biomass disposal and resource recycling, in particular to a method and device for plasma gasification of domestic garbage and biomass for power generation. Background technique [0002] Harmless, volume reduction and recycling of domestic waste is one of the main issues that the government attaches great importance to and the public is keenly concerned about. Currently widely used waste treatment technologies include composting, landfilling and incineration. The volume reduction ratio of compost is low, the nutrient content of fertilizer is low, and soil compaction is caused after long-term use. Landfilling will occupy a large amount of land and pollute groundwater, so it is a last resort. Nevertheless, for economically developed and densely populated areas, land resources are very tight, and there are not many sites available for landfill. The incineration tail gas flow is large and the conc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Only electric energy is input into the reactor, steam or water is used as the gasification agent, and the calorific value of waste is not used, resulting in high power consumption per unit mass of waste

Due to the limited power of the existing plasma torch, it is difficult to expand the processing scale of the previous process to a practical scale

In addition, only electric energy is input, relying on the plasma jet to heat the pyrolysis or gasification waste, resulting in very uneven temperature field and flow field in the reactor, resulting in the waste not being heated to a suitable temperature and staying long enough in some local areas time

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