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An implantable neurostimulator system for treating pain includes scheduled and responsive therapy capabilities including responsive stimulation applied to the brain and peripheral sections of the nervous system. Methods for treating chronic nociceptive, neuropathic, and psychogenic pain employ an inventive system to advantageously reduce multiple symptoms and components of pain and to address underlying causes of pain.

A liquid crystal display (LCD) and a liquid crystal panel thereof are provided. The LCD includes a backlight module and the liquid crystal panel disposed thereon. The liquid crystal panel has a first substrate, a second substrate, and a positive liquid crystal layer. The first substrate has a plurality of pixel electrodes, and each pixel electrode has a plurality of first strip-shape portions. The second substrate has a common electrode, and the common electrode has a plurality of second strip-shape portions. The positive liquid crystal layer is interposed between the pixel electrodes of the first substrate and the common electrode of the second substrate and is vertically aligned. The corresponding areas of the first and the second strip-shape portions are staggered.

A bone recuperating drilling device includes a trephine in the form of a tube designed to be driven in rotation, open at both ends and provided with teeth on the periphery of its front opening. The trephine is internally equipped with a bone crushing blade which has one end provided with cutting edges extending substantially in the plane of the trephine front opening.

A computer research tool is provided for searching and displaying biological data. Specifically, the invention provides a computer research tool for performing computerized research of biological data from various databases and for providing a novel graphical user interface that significantly enhances biological data representation, progressive querying and cross-navigation of windows and databases. The invention can be implemented in numerous ways, including as a system, a device, a method, or a computer readable medium.

The present invention provides membrane cassettes and stacks thereof which are suitable for a use in a variety of electrochemical applications. The invention further provides membrane cassettes which comprise one or more bipolar plates which have one or two reactant or coolant flow fields consisting of at least one groove in opposing surfaces of the bipolar plate. In certain preferred embodiments, the invention provides cassettes and stacks which are suitable for use in fuel cell applications. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention include design improvements which enhance the performance and reliability of certain components of the fuel cell stack.

The present invention is directed, in part, to improved nanocomposite compositions and processes for preparing same. Specifically, in one embodiment, there is provided a process for preparing an aqueous nanocomposite dispersion, wherein the process comprises: polymerizing via suspension polymerization a suspension comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a hydrophobically modified clay to form the nanocomposite dispersion after polymerization, wherein the hydrophobically modified clay is dispersed in the monomer. Other embodiments include processes for preparing aqueous nanocomposite particles, colloids, and dispersions using hydrophobically modified clays in aqueous systems and compositions comprising same.

A process for forming a coordination catalyst system comprising sequentially or substantially simultaneously contacting: (I) pre-catalyst reactants comprising (a) at least one first ligand-containing reactant; and (b) at least one first transition metal reactant suitable to form at least one metallocene or constrained geometry pre-catalyst compound (e.g., rac-ethylene bis(indenyl)zirconiUm dichloride); an optionally (c) at least one second ligand-containing reactant and (d) at least one second transition metal reactant suitable to form at least one non-metallocene, non-constrained geometry, bidentate or tridentate transition metal compound (e.g., tridentate 2,6-diacetylpyridine-bis(2,4,6-trimethylanaline)FeCl₂) and (II) further contacting, jointly or individually, the pre-catalyst compound(s) and optional bidentate or tridentate compound(s) with at least one support-activator agglomerate (e.g., spray dried silica/clay agglomerate). When individually contacted, the supported catalyst components can be mixed or blended. The resulting transition metal catalyst systems are suitable for addition polymerization of unsaturated monomers, e.g., ethylene and propylene.

Provided is a durable oxygen sensitive probe of sufficient strength to withstand direct tissue pressures in vivo, the probe comprising a sensor chamber within a biocompatible, gas-permeable membrane containing an oxygen sensitive analyte solution producing oxygen quenchable phosphorescence when excited. Further provided is a tissue oxygen detection and measurement system comprising the probe, and methods for use of the probe and the system to directly, rapidly and accurately measure tissue oxygen levels in a patient without reliance on blood vessels or fluid protection of the probe.

A method for manufacturing microneedle structures is disclosed using soft lithography and photolithography, in which micromold structures made of a photoresist material or PDMS are created. The micromold manufacturing occurs quite quickly, using inexpensive materials and processes. Once the molds are available, using moldable materials such as polymers, microneedle arrays can be molded or embossed in relatively fast procedures. In some cases a sacrificial layer is provided between the forming micromold and its substrate layer, for ease of separation. The microneedles themselves can be solid projections, hollow “microtubes,” or shallow “microcups.” Electrodes can be formed on the microneedle arrays, including individual electrodes per hollow microtube.

A method and system for analyzing tubular structures, such as vascular bodies, with respect to their geometrical properties and mechanical loading conditions is disclosed. To this end, geometrical and structural models of vascular bodies are generated from standard sets of image data. The method or system works automatically and the tubular structure is analyzed within clinical relevant times by users without engineering background. Most critical in that sense is the integration of novel volume meshing and 3D segmentation techniques. The derived geometrical and structural models distinguish between structural relevant types of tissue, e.g., for abdominal aortic aneurysms the vessel wall and the intra-luminal thrombus are considered separately. The structural investigation of the vascular body is based on a detailed nonlinear Finite Element analysis. Here, the derived geometrical model, in-vivo boundary/loading conditions and finite deformation constitutive descriptions of the vascular tissues render the structural biomechanical problem. Different visualization concepts are provided and allow an efficient and detailed investigation of the derived geometrical and mechanical data. In addition, this information is pooled and statistical properties, derived from it, can be used to analyze vascular bodies of interest.

A resist material and a nanofabrication method provide high-resolution nanofabrication without an expensive irradiation apparatus using, for example, electron beams or ion beams. That is, the resist material and the nanofabrication method provide finer processing using exposure apparatuses currently in use. A resist layer of an incompletely oxidized transition metal such as W and Mo is selectively exposed and developed to be patterned in a predetermined form. The incompletely oxidized transition metal herein is a compound having an oxygen content slightly deviated to a lower content from the stoichiometric oxygen content corresponding to a possible valence of the transition metal. In other words, the compound has an oxygen content lower than the stoichiometric oxygen content corresponding to a possible valence of the transition metal.

A combinatorial library of fluorescent compounds useful as organelle-specific probes are produced by reacting an aldehyde with a 2- or 4-methylpyridinium salt.

A locking/unlocking mechanism for headrest, which is provided in a headrest holder in which a headrest stay is slidably inserted, comprising: an elastic lock element secured in the headrest holder; and an unlocking hole so formed in the headrest holder as to lead to the elastic lock element. The elastic lock element can be engaged in an ordinary stopper notch formed in the headrest stay to prevent removal of the headrest from a seat back of seat, but can be disengaged therefrom by inserting a tool into the unlocking hole so as to resiliently bend the elastic lock element away from the stopper notch, thereby allowing removal of the headrest from the seat back. Preferably, the elastic lock element is formed in a generally "U" shape.

A piston having a head includes a circumferential compression ring groove having a top surface, a bottom surface and an inset rear wall extending between the top surface and the bottom surface, wherein a confined area of the compression ring groove is hardened.

Method of and a compiler for controlling a network based on a logical network model. The network has physical nodes and logical nodes. The physical nodes are interconnected by physical links in accordance with a physical network layout. The logical network model has logical nodes indicated with a logical node name which refers to at least one physical node in the network. The method uses a depth-mapping relation defining how the logical nodes are mapped to the physical nodes. The method includes creating logical links between the logical nodes in dependence on the physical paths between the physical nodes and on the depth-mapping relation. The method uses edge-relationships between logical link, logical path, physical link, physical path and depth-mapping relations. Logical paths in the logical network are transformed into a physical path comprising of physical links between the physical nodes through recursive calculation and forwarding instructions are created for the physical nodes, in dependence on the edge-relationships and point-of-attachment names between physical links and physical nodes. A user of a compiler may specify additional operations other than switching, multiplexing or de-multiplexing to be performed at a logical node on packet or signal. Said packet or signal may be identified with a logical identifier identifying at least one logical link or logical path, and said additional operation may be specified at a logical node, providing programmability of additional operations in said logical network model. Said additional operations will, if possible, be performed by physical or virtual resources represented by physical nodes.

A device for use in extracting energy from an incoming fluid flow is presented. The device comprises: an oscillator assembly mounted on a base, the oscillator assembly comprising: a main body for exposing to an incoming fluid flow; and a joining element attached to the main body and configured for anchoring the main body to the base and enabling oscillation of the main body with respect to the base; an operative flow affecting unit comprising at least one flow interacting element located in at least one location respectively on a surface of the main body, the operative flow affecting unit being configured and controllably operable for affecting a separation of streams of the fluid flowing over the surface of the main body; a control unit in communication with the operative flow affecting unit, the control unit being configured and operable for activating and deactivating of each of the at least one flow interacting element of the operative flow affecting unit according to a certain time pattern, the time pattern being selected such that interaction between the flow interacting element and fluid streams creates vortices in the fluid streams at a selected vortex formation frequency causing an increase in oscillation of the main body, thereby enabling conversion of motion from the oscillation into useful energy.