682results about How to "Improve gasification efficiency" patented technology

A pulverized coal pressure dense transport bed gasification method and installation of the invention relates to gasification technology and employs in-furnace desulfurization craft. Pulverized coal and desulfurizer are sent into gasification furnace through the middle and lower part of gasification furnace by a feeder, and then react with a gasifying agent. Reaction mass flow upward from the bottom of the gasification furnace, and enter into a multistage gas-solid separator from an export on the top of the gasification furnace. Most solids are separated in the gas-solid separator and enter into the low part of the gasification furnace by a high flux return feeder to continue to participate in reaction. Gas products with a small amount of solid enter into a gas cooler which can recover gas manifested heat to generate steam. The enter modes of the gasifying agent are bottom once wind and cyclone twice wind, otherwise, the reactor can also be use to burn. Because of the high-rate cycle, high solid content and high gas-solid mixing in the gasification furnace of the invention, the gasification strength and gasification rate of the gasification furnace can be improved and higher gasification efficiency and carbon conversion rate can be obtained.

The invention relates to a two-stage gasification method and a gasification device for a fuel with wide size distribution. The two-stage gasification method for the fuel with wide size distribution comprises the steps of 1) adding the fuel to a fluidized bed pyrolyzer by a feeding device; adding a gasifying agent to the fluidized bed pyrolyzer; drying/pyrolyzing or partly gasifying the fuel under semicoking of the pyrolyzer and heating of the gasifying agent; and 2) sending the solid and gas generated in the step 1) to a fluidized bed gasification furnace, adding the gasifying agent to the fluidized bed gasification furnace, finishing complete gasification of semicoke; removing tar by high-temperature pyrolysis, part oxidization and semicoke catalytic reforming in the fluidized bed so as to produce clean gas. With the adoption of the method, the traditional fuel gasification process is divided into a material pyrolysis stage and a semicoke gasification stage, which are performed in an upper fluidized bed pyrolyzer and a lower fluidized bed gasification furnace.

The invention discloses a biomass complex gasification method and a device of the gasification. The thermal decomposition, the gasification, part of the oxidation process are combined in one reactor by the integrating the fluidized bed and the airflow bed. Firstly, the biomass is decomposed at 500 to 600 degrees C and generates hard coke; secondly, the hard coke with large grain sizes are partly oxidized and gasified in the hard coke gasifying section, which provides heat and generates combustible gas for the thermal decomposition section; thirdly, the reaction gases with small hard coke grains discharged from the thermal decomposition section and the catalyst fast flows upwards through the macromolecular gasifying section, and the reaction gas are partly oxidized because of the function of the secondary gasifying agent, the heavy tar component is forced simultaneously through thermal cracking reaction and catalytic cracking reaction with the catalyst at the temperature over 1000 degrees C and transformed to lightweight combustible gas; at last, the unreacted hard coke is sent back to the furnace through the gas-solid separation device and the solid recycling device. The biomass complex gasification method has the advantages of high gasification efficiency, low tar content, high control ability of the gas component, stable operation and easy enlargement.

The invention provides a process nozzle and a system for gasifying water coal slurry. The process nozzle comprises a first oxygen channel, a water coal slurry channel, a second oxygen channel, a first cooling water jacket and a cooling water coil, wherein the first oxygen channel comprises a first oxygen channel inlet and a first oxygen channel outlet; the water coal slurry channel comprises at least one water coal slurry channel inlet and a water coal slurry channel outlet; the second oxygen channel comprises a second oxygen channel inlet and a second oxygen channel outlet; the first cooling water jacket comprises a first cooling water jacket inlet and a first cooling water jacket outlet; and the cooling water coil comprises a cooling water coil inlet and a cooling water coil outlet. The process nozzle is characterized in that: the first oxygen channel is positioned at the central position of the process nozzle; the water coal slurry channel is positioned between the first oxygen channel and the second oxygen channel and surrounds the periphery of the first oxygen channel; and the second oxygen channel surrounds the periphery of the water coal slurry channel. The process nozzle reduces the length of combustion flame more effectively, reduces the ablation of flame on a refractory brick, promotes the mixing and atomization of water coal slurry and oxygen and improves gasification efficiency.

The present invention relates to an internal combustion heated biomass gasification furnace. Its structure is characterized by that it adopts a cylindrical furnace body, in the furnace body interior a coiled internal combustion pipe is set, the internal combustion pipe inlet is positioned in the lower portion of said cylindrical furnace body, and its outlet is extended to the exterior of furnace body from the top portion of cylindrical furnace body, its igniter is positioned in the internal combustion pipe inlet; over the cylindrical furnace body a helical feeding mechanism is set, its helical feeding hole is positioned on the eccentric position of cylindrical furnace body top portion, on the centre axis position of said cylindrical furnace body a stirring shaft with stirring blades is set, on the inside wall of cylindrical furnace body several layers of baffle plates are set, the combustion-supporting air inlet is set in the top portion of said cylindrical furnace body, and the gas outlet in the furnace body is positioned in the lower portion of said furnace body.

The invention relates to a method for preparing fuel gas by gasifying biomass materials and a device thereof, belonging to the technical fields of methods for preparing fuel gas by solid biomass materials in a gasifying process and the devices thereof. The method comprises the following steps: feeding, gasifying, dedusting, spraying and purifying, detarring, pumping front-end gases and conveying rear-end fuel gas by a Roots blower, and conveying the fuel gas to a fuel gas storage cabinet through a tempering preventing device. The device realizing the method comprises a feeding mechanism, a controllable gasifying furnace and a circulation water pump, a gravity deduster, a spraying purifier and a spraying pump, a biomass tar purifier, the Roots blower, the tempering preventing device and thefuel gas storage cabinet. The device is used for transforming the solid biomass materials of straws and the like into the fuel gas with less impurities and high heat value and supplying the fuel gasfor users centrally.

The invention relates to an indirect gasification unit solid fuel and method for separating gasification and combustion processes of solid fuel, gasification products with high quality can be got through gasifying solid fuel by the method, a circulating fluidized bed and a spout-fluid bed are kept communicated through an external separator and a refeed line, bed materials in the circulating fluidized bed, the spout-fluid bed and the external separator are high-temperature inert heat carrier particles, solid fuel, gasification medium and high-temperature inert heat carrier particle are mixed in the spout-fluid bed, solid fuel is pyrolized and gasified, residual coke particles and inert heat carrier particle of gasification reaction flow into a circulating fluidized bed through the external separator and the refeed line, coke particles and air/oxygen are combusted in the circulating fluidized bed, inert heat carrier particle is heated up, high-temperature inert heat carrier particle which is heated up returns to the spout-fluid bed after separating by a whirlwind separator, which provides heating source for pyrolysis and gasification of solid fuel.

The invention discloses a two-stage high-temperature preheated steam biomass gasification furnace. According to the invention, steam with a high temperature is used as a gasification agent. Fuel gas with high quality and high heat value is obtained through the gasification of the biomass. Meanwhile, active carbon, which is a byproduct, is produced. The gasification furnace is composed by a first reactor and a second reactor. The first reactor is a fixed bed gasification section, where volatile matters in feedings are removed. During the process, only high-temperature preheated pure steam provided by a high-temperature air generator is used. The second reactor is a spouted bed gasification section, where a high-temperature preheated mixture of air and steam is used for a complete cracking reaction and a tar breaking reaction. The biomass gasification furnace provided by the present invention has advantages of high gasification efficiency, high gasification speed, complete reaction, high utilance of raw materials, and is energy saving and environment protecting. The fuel gas produced by the gasification furnace has advantages of good quality and high heat value.

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing methane-rich gas through cyclic utilization of alkali/alkaline earth metals contained in biomass for autocatalytic pyrolysis and autocatalytic pressurized gasification of the biomass. According to the method, water quenching is carried out on biomass ash so as to cyclically extract alkali/alkaline earth metals in the biomass ash, and the alkali/alkaline earth metals are sprinkled on and dipped in biomass; the biomass containing the alkali/alkaline earth metals undergoes autocatalytic pyrolysis at a low temperature of 280 to 320 DEG C at first, then a pyrolysis gas product enters into a combustion reactor and burns together with solid particles separated from a gasification reactor so as to supply heat for the process of pyrolysis, a pyrolysis solid product enters into the gasification reactor and undergoes autocatalytic pressurized gasification in a steam/oxygen atmosphere, hydrogen-rich gas is separated from crude synthetic gas produced in gasification and is returned to the pressurized gasification reactor, and the pyrolysis solid product is subjected to hydrogasification at the same time. With the method provide by the invention, biomass can be used for preparing methane-rich gas with low tar content, and high gasification efficiency is obtained. The method has the advantages of simple operation, less water consumption, strong technological adaptability and easy operation.

A coal gasification system and a method of blast furnace slags relate to the blast furnace slag utilization technology. The system comprises a slag gasifier, a coal injection system, a gas collecting device and a slag collecting device; wherein, the slag gasifier is provided with a slag inlet, a slag outlet, a gas outlet and a partition; the gas outlet is connected with the gas collecting device; a damper is arranged at the slag outlet which is connected with the slag collecting device. The method comprises the following steps: the blast furnace slags are placed into the slag gasifier from the slag inlet through a slag runner; pulverized coal and gasifying agents are injected into the slag gasifier by a spray gun, and the outflow velocity of the slags out of the slag outlet is controlled by regulating the height of the damper. The method of the invention has enormous environmental benefits and is of significance to realize the national goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.

A vertical pyrolysis gasifier comprises a feeding mechanism, a flow guiding tube of a slag extractor, a sealing mechanism, a working region and a stirring mechanism, wherein the flow guiding tube communicates with a water jacket to form backflow; the sealing mechanism comprises a first sealing door and a second sealing door; the second sealing door is arranged at a V-shaped projection of the upper end of a gasifier body; the first sealing door and the second sealing door cannot be opened simultaneously; the working region comprises a drying region, a pyrolysis gasification region and a burning region; a smoke outlet is formed in the gasifier body and positioned in the upper end of the drying region; the stirring mechanism comprises a slag discharging plate and a stirring plate; the slag discharging plate and the stirring plate are arranged on the same rotating shaft; and a hollow structure which communicates with the outside is arranged in the rotating shaft. The vertical pyrolysis gasifier not only is good in sealing performance and high in work efficiency, but also improves a security environment of operators of a workshop, and avoids hidden danger of gasifier explosion caused by blockage of pyrolysis gas flow.

The invention discloses an internal circulation external heating type gasification device. The device comprises a central gasification chamber, an annular heating chamber, a peripheral gasification chamber, a residual carbon reflux chamber and the like. Biomass micron fuel enters the annular heating chamber and is efficiently burned, so that the required heat is provided for the central gasification chamber, the peripheral gasification chamber and the residual carbon reflux chamber. Cracking and gasification raw materials absorb the heat in the down-up movement process of the central gasification chamber to be cracked and gasified, and an initial cracking product then enters the peripheral gasification chamber and is further gasified; and residual carbon refluxes through the residual carbon reflux chamber and enters the central gasification chamber to carry out a water gas reaction with water vapor, so that medium-calorific-value gas of which the content of CO and the content of H2 are equal and CO and H2 account for about 80 percent of the total amount is obtained. In the device, an internal circulation external heating mode is used for gasification; and the device has the advantages of high heat utilization rate, heat transfer efficiency and gasification efficiency and the like, and the calorific value of gas is high. The internal circulation external heating type gasification device can be widely applied to the preparation of the gas by cracking and gasifying municipal organic refuse, agricultural and forest residues and the like.

A method for self-heating pyrolysis gasification of biomass by gas backflow combustion includes using air and steam as gasifying agent for pyrolysis gasification of the biomass in a pyrolysis gasifier, making the steam generated by a vaporizer into super-heated steam to compensate heat for the interior of the gasifier by waste heat of produced gas, allowing part of the produced gas to flow back into the gasifier to be combusted for supplying heat for gasification, removing tar by high-temperature pyrolysis, ensuring the whole gasifier to be under high temperature, and allowing gasification of biological pyrolytic carbon and cracking of the tar to tend to be through. By the method using the waste heat of combustible gas, part of the gas flows back to supply heat required by the biomass for pyrolysis gasification, interior high temperature of the gasifier is guaranteed, reaction is accelerated, and gasifying efficiency is improved. The produced combustible gas is low-tar gas with caloric value reaching 10MJ/Nm<3>, combustion is isolated from other reactions, and accordingly operation control is facilitated.

The invention discloses a household up-draft biomass gasification device, which has an upright cylinder structure and is characterized in that the household up-draft biomass gasification device comprises a destructive distillation chamber arranged at the upper section thereof, a main gasification chamber arranged at the middle section thereof and an ash chamber arranged at the lower section thereof; all the sections are respectively separated by a heat storage grille and a heat storage grate; and the main gasification chamber is enclosed by a radiation cylinder on the periphery. The household up-draft biomass gasification device has no need of an external firing heat source, fast firing speed and high temperature of the gasification center, remarkably reduces tar content, reduces radiation loss of a furnace body, and has high gasification efficiency, long fire banking time of the gasification furnace, simple and compact structure, convenient operation and low operating cost.

The invention discloses an automatic biomass gas feeding and diffusing control system. The system comprises a first level gage of a work bin, a second level gage of the work bin, a valve control unit, a furnace temperature sensor, a furnace pressure sensor, a furnace front feeding device control unit, a flame detector and an ignition control unit, wherein the first level gage is used for sensing low material level in the work bin and transmitting a low material level signal to the valve control unit; the second level gage is used for sensing high material level in the work bin and transmitting a high material level signal to the valve control unit; the valve control unit is used for controlling the opening and closing of valves of a buffer bin and the work bin according to the received signals; the furnace temperature sensor is used for sensing temperature in a fluidized bed gasification reactor and transmitting a temperature signal to the furnace front feeding device control unit; the furnace pressure sensor is used for sensing pressure in the fluidized bed gasification reactor and transmitting a pressure signal to the furnace front feeding device control unit; the furnace front feeding device control unit is used for controlling the feeding frequency of a furnace front feeding device according to the received signals; the flame detector is used for sensing the flame of a diffusing device and transmitting a signal indicating whether the diffusing device has the flame or not to the ignition control unit; and the ignition control unit is used for controlling the opening of an ignition device according to the received signal.

The present invention discloses one kind of cracking and gasifying reforming furnace, which includes one dust cloud combustor, one cracking and gasifying chamber and one catalytic reforming chamber. Micron level fuel is burnt in the dust cloud combustor to provide heat for cracking and gasifying and catalytic reforming, the material to be cracked and gasified absorbs heat in the cracking and gasifying chamber to crack and gasify, and the cracked and gasified product is pressurized into the catalytic reforming chamber and reformed to obtain medium heat value fuel gas containing CO and H2 in about 80 %. The cracking and gasifying reforming furnace adopts crop stalks and solid forest waste crushed to micron level as outer heat source, has less investment in apparatus, high heat efficiency, low cost, high gas yield and high heat value of fuel gas product, and may be used in utilizing organic garbage to produce fuel gas.

The invention discloses a method and a device for three-stage separating biomass gasification. The device mainly comprises a reacting furnace, a pyrolysis chamber which is a biomass pyrolytic reaction chamber is arranged on the upper portion of the reacting furnace, a gasification chamber and a combustion chamber are positioned in the reacting furnace, the gasification chamber is positioned inside the combustion chamber, the pyrolysis chamber and the gasification chamber are connected with a feeding pipe, a flue gas channel is arranged outside the pyrolysis chamber and the feeding pipe, a feeding device is arranged on the upper pyrolysis chamber, the lower gasification chamber is communicated with the combustion chamber, a high-temperature gas extraction outlet is arranged in the middle of the gasification chamber, flue gas rises up along the flue gas channel from the combustion chamber to the periphery of the pyrolysis chamber and then is exhausted via a flue gas outlet, and the exhausted high-temperature gas is separated and purified by a separator prior to entering an air pre-heater. Three processes of a biomass gasification generating system are completely separated, the length of a reduction area is increased, and time and temperature required by tar pyrolysis are guaranteed, so that content of tar in the gas is reduced, gas generation rate of the gasification furnace is increased, and quality of the biomass gas is improved. The device has the advantages of convenience for temperature control, energy saving, environmental protection, operating continuity and the like.