A high-yield and high-yield cultivation method for potato with high ridge and concave ditch and secondary covering with soil for sunshade and drought resistance

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-ridge concave-groove secondary earthing sunshading drought-resistant high-yield cultivation method for potatoes, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The method comprises the specific steps of 1, land selection and preparation; 2, potato seed treatment; 3, ridging and ditching; 4, sowing; 5, earthing and watering; 6, sunshade net erecting; 7, sunshade net removal; 8, field management and disease control; 9, timely harvesting. By the adoption of the high-ridge concave-ditch secondary earthing cultivation technology, compared with traditional flat sowing ridging cultivation, seedling emerging is achieved 20-25 times earlier, and seedlings are orderly; after seedling emerging, potato plants grow fast. Compared with traditional flat sowing ridging cultivation, by means of the method, the single-plant potato fruiting number and single-plant fresh potato weight of Li potato 6 can be remarkably increased, the single-plant potato fruiting number is increased by 92.16%, the single-plant fresh potato weight is increased by 135.09%, the yield is increased by 134.31%, yield increase is extremely remarkable, the commercial potato rate is increased by 5.93%, the green potato rate is reduced, and economic benefits are obvious. Evaporation of rainfall can be prolonged, a soil layer is kept wet, growth of the potatoes at the seedling state is benefited, the sunshade period is reasonably mastered, and induced diseases are reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a high-ridge and concave-ditch secondary covering soil sunshade and drought-resistant high-yield cultivation method for potatoes. Background technique [0002] China is a big potato producer, with the cultivation area and output ranking first in the world. Potatoes are cold-resistant, drought-resistant, barren-resistant, and adaptable. They are "water-saving, fertilizer-saving, drug-saving, and labor-saving" crops. They are dominant crops in poor areas to promote food production and get rid of poverty. They are widely distributed in China. Potato production in my country is mostly distributed in economically impoverished areas such as Northwest and Southwest. These areas have barren land, poor agricultural production facilities, drought and little rain, especially in the stage of potato seedling to emergence. How to improve the use of natural rainfall and soi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The problem now is that with the arrival of the rainy season, June to August is a high-temperature and high-humidity season with rain and heat at the same time. Potato diseases and insect pests are very prone to occur. severely affected

At the present stage, film-mulching cultivation technology is the most commonly used technology for potato drought-resistant cultivation. However, during film-mulching cultivation in spring cropping in Yunnan, due to drought and little rain after potato sowing, and high temperature, the surface temperature of the soil after film-mulching will exceed at any time. At 35°C, it is easy to cause seed potato rot, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges. Moreover, if the soil moisture is not good at the time of sowing, plastic film mulching will keep the soil on the ridge under the film in a dry state. Even if there is a small amount of rainfall, the contribution to potato seedling emergence also extremely small

Although the current under-mulch drip irrigation technology has solved the problem of lack of water under the mulch, the resulting high temperature and high humidity effect has further aggravated the rot of seed potatoes, resulting in serious shortage of seedlings.

[0004] There are no reports on the drought-resistant and high-yield cultivation techniques of potatoes using high ridges and concave ditches twice covered with soil and sunshade nets.

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