Explosion method for tundra of high-and-cold surface mine

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosion method for tundra of high-and-cold surface mine. The method comprises: a down-the-hole drilling machine and emulsion explosives are used, bench mining of the surface mine in high-altitude high-cold climate is carried out, a breaking funnel test is carried out to analyze the diameter, depth, and size of a funnel and a weight and burial depth of an explosive package, thereby obtaining an optimal explosive package ratio depth value; after tundra explosion testing, according to different thicknesses and water containing situations of the tundra, four plans of main blast hole parameter adjustment, auxiliary blast hole setting, auxiliary blast hole encryption, and combination of plugging segments of the auxiliary blast holes and the main blast holes and explosive packages are employed, so that the tundra problem can be solved. Therefore, blasting piling and explosion of the tundra at the high-cold area can be realized; and the requirement of lumpiness of shovel mucking equipment can be met and the shovel mucking efficiency can be improved by over 20%; phenomena that the shovel mucking equipment is smashed by sliding of a large block during shovel mucking working and overturning of a vehicle due to congregate slide of building stones during unloading can be avoided; the potential safety hazard caused by large frozen pieces can be reduced; the blocking rate of the gyratory crusher of the primary crushing station can be reduced and the working efficiency can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of blasting in open-pit mines, in particular to a method for blasting permafrost layers in alpine open-pit mines. Background technique [0002] Permafrost refers to various rock and soil layers below zero degrees Celsius and contains ice. Permafrost is a complex four-dimensional structure composed of solid mineral particles, viscoplastic ice inclusions, unfrozen water, strongly bound water, and gas inclusions. Phase body, its physical properties include density, bulk density, water content (ratio of water to undisturbed soil), relative water content and saturation coefficient, and the failure strength of frozen soil depends on the molecular and structural cohesion between framework mineral particles In addition, it also depends on the cement cohesion of ice. Frozen soil has rheology, frost heaving and thawing properties, and its long-term strength is much lower than the instantaneous strength. If blasting is carried...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Blasting in permafrost is a rare technology in mines, and the blasting methods are relatively few. Summarize the main categories: (1) Deep hole blasting in permafrost, by increasing the amount of charge in the deep hole, the energy released by blasting is increased to break the permafrost, but This method has the problems of high unit consumption of explosives, many flying stones, large space for walking in the explosion pile, damage to the surrounding explosion area, and poor effect.

(2) The medicine pot blasting method, drill a shallow hole, blast the bottom with a small amount of explosives multiple times, expand the bottom to form a pot shape, and then load a large amount of explosives to blast and break the permafrost layer, but this method has complicated procedures , slow project progress and high cost

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