173 results about "Permafrost Region" patented technology

The invention provides a permafrost region ventilation pipe foundation design method based on a heat balance principle, and aims to keep heat balance of permafrost on the lower portion of a foundation and ensure long-term heat stability of the foundation. According to the method, meteorological data, soil physical parameters and permafrost upper limit and ground temperature distribution information are collected so as to evaluate whether additional protection measures are needed or not and determine the burying height of the ventilation pipe foundation. And based on the selected ventilation pipe configuration, the air speed in the pipe is calculated by using a corresponding air speed calculation formula, and the convective heat transfer coefficient is determined accordingly. And determining the diameter of the pipeline by combining the convective heat transfer coefficient and the economical efficiency. And the cooling radius and the optimal operation mode of the ventilation pipe foundation are further determined, so that heat balance at the bottom of the foundation is ensured, and permafrost at the lower part of the foundation is effectively protected. The design method is simple, convenient, rapid and accurate, and has important engineering application value and wide applicability.

The invention relates to the technical field of disaster early warning, and discloses a hot melt landslide disaster early warning system based on time sequence remote sensing and ground fusion monitoring. The system comprises a remote sensing time sequence data processing module, a field data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing and fusion module, an analysis and early warning module, a database and management module and a data result visualization module. According to the hot melt landslide disaster early warning system based on time sequence remote sensing and ground fusion monitoring, the monitoring efficiency is improved, the monitoring cost is reduced, the frequency of manual field patrol can be reduced to a certain extent through remote sensing monitoring, the risk of working of workers in dangerous areas is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, timely and accurate early warning can also guarantee life and property safety of surrounding residents, dual-engine modeling of'air and space remote sensing-ground equipment 'collaborative perception and'data driving-mechanism constraint' breaks through limitation of single remote sensing or ground monitoring, and a new method is provided for early warning of hot melt slump disasters in permafrost regions.

The invention discloses a permafrost region roadbed layering space-time correlation prediction method based on a graph neural network. The method comprises the following steps: providing multi-dimensional time sequence monitoring data; establishing a space adjacent edge in the horizontal direction and an interlayer coupling edge in the vertical direction, and generating a weighted graph with a weight; cleaning, aligning and standardizing the data, and combining the data into a node feature tensor; performing graph convolution operation based on the weighted graph to obtain a spatial feature sequence; performing time coding operation to obtain space-time coupling characteristics; obtaining an evolution law, and obtaining a roadbed deformation prediction result; and constructing a loss function for parameter adjustment based on the difference between the roadbed deformation prediction result and the real settlement value and the deviation degree between the roadbed deformation prediction result and the physical law. According to the method, space-interlayer-time coupling information is utilized at the same time, the deformation prediction precision and advance of the highway subgrade in the permafrost region are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for a real-time monitoring and early warning system.

The invention discloses a roadbed settlement prediction method and system for a permafrost region. The roadbed settlement prediction method comprises the steps of obtaining roadbed historical data corresponding to the permafrost region; intercepting data of a preset fixed length and settlement monitoring data corresponding to the data of the preset fixed length at a future moment, and constructing a permafrost region roadbed settlement sample database; building a base model; training the base model through the established database to obtain a trained base model; outputting a preliminary prediction result through the trained base model; the prediction result of the base model is used as the input of a meta-model through a stacking model, the meta-model is a multiple linear regression model, the prediction results of multiple prediction units of the base model are integrated, and the roadbed settlement corresponding to the final permafrost region future moment is output. According to the method, prediction results of a plurality of models are fused, so that the final model is more robust for abnormal values and noise data, and the stability of training prediction of the model for large fluctuation of roadbed settlement data in the frozen soil region is improved.

The invention relates to a permafrost region monitoring method and device based on digital twinning, computer equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a hydrogeological model of a permafrost region and multi-source state data acquired from a road full section of the permafrost region; combining the preprocessed multi-source state data and the hydrogeological model to obtain a physical model of the permafrost region, and coupling the physical model, a pre-trained data model and a neural network model to obtain an initial digital twinborn model; driving the initial digital twin model to perform virtual mapping to obtain mapping state parameters; based on the mapping state parameter and a first actual state parameter of the permafrost region, performing reliability evaluation on the initial digital twinborn model to obtain an evaluation result; and when the evaluation result shows that the initial digital twinborn model is reliable, obtaining the digital twinborn model so as to monitor multiple hydrological parameters of the permafrost region by using the digital twinborn model. According to the method, the underground water in the permafrost region can be comprehensively and accurately monitored.

The invention relates to a deep and thick high-temperature permafrost region highway foundation bearing capacity enhancing method which comprises the following steps: detecting the bearing capacity of a permafrost foundation through static sounding to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of the bearing capacity of an original-state foundation; the spatial distribution characteristics of the bearing capacity of the undisturbed foundation at least comprise a bearing capacity mean value, a bearing capacity range and a bearing capacity decline ratio; establishing a mapping model at least based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the original-state foundation bearing capacity and the shallow foundation enhancement mode; based on the mapping model, according to the spatial distribution characteristics, obtained through detection, of the original-state foundation bearing capacity, the shallow foundation strengthening mode is determined, and the shallow foundation strengthening mode comprises a structural strengthening measure, a material strengthening measure and a hydrological regulation and control strengthening measure and is used for improving the overall bearing performance of the foundation and restraining permafrost degradation; the structural reinforcing measure at least comprises the steps that a composite bearing structure system is constructed in a shallow foundation, and the mechanical property of the whole foundation is improved by enhancing the bearing capacity of a local area of the foundation.

The invention discloses an in-situ solidification construction method for a highway shallow foundation in a water-rich section of a permafrost region. The in-situ solidification construction method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparation at the early stage of construction; secondly, steel sheet pile enclosure water insulation is conducted; thirdly, in-situ soil solidification construction is conducted; fourthly, dynamic compaction encryption treatment is conducted; step 5, quality detection and molding acceptance inspection; and step 6, subsequent environmental protection and safety guarantee. Three dimensions of a steel sheet pile waterproof technology, a high-weather-resistance composite curing material in-situ curing technology and a dynamic compaction technology are integrated, and a set of systematized and standardized construction scheme is formed. According to the multi-dimensional combined method, the foundation treatment effect is improved, the comprehensiveness and pertinence of construction are enhanced, and a more effective solution is provided for road foundation treatment in the water-rich section of the permafrost region.

The invention relates to the technical field of permafrost region subgrade protection, and discloses a subgrade moisture accumulation prevention method and structure and a heating temperature calculation method.The heating temperature calculation comprises the steps that the sum of evaporation power and precipitation difference values of months with the monthly average temperature larger than 0 DEG C is obtained; obtaining a first daily water seepage amount; calculating to obtain surface evaporation loss according to the month with the monthly average temperature greater than 0 DEG C, the sum of the difference values of the evaporation power and the precipitation, the first daily water seepage amount and parameters of the moisture accumulation prevention structure, and calculating to obtain saturated vapor pressure for heating the surface of the drainage ditch in the moisture accumulation prevention structure according to the surface evaporation loss; and calculating the heating temperature by using the saturated vapor pressure. By collecting, blocking and evaporating freeze-thaw water on the mountainside or the slope side, the water accumulation prevention structure relieves the problem of serious water accumulation on the roadside, guarantees the road stability, prevents roadbed diseases, prolongs the service life of the road, and assists high-quality construction of road engineering in cold regions.

A plateau permafrost region sand dune treatment system relates to the technical field of sand dune treatment and comprises a first treatment unit, a second treatment unit and a third treatment unit. The first treatment unit comprises a first treatment bottom layer and a first treatment top layer, and the first treatment bottom layer and the first treatment top layer are arranged in the height direction of the first sand dune; the first treatment top layer comprises a first coal gangue soil layer and a first vegetation layer, and the first vegetation layer is planted in the first coal gangue soil layer; the second treatment unit comprises a second treatment bottom layer and a second treatment top layer, and the second treatment bottom layer and the second treatment top layer are arranged in the height direction of the second sand dune; the second treatment top layer comprises a second coal gangue soil layer and a second vegetation layer, and the second vegetation layer is planted in the second coal gangue soil layer; and the third treatment unit is arranged in an area corresponding to the tuyere. Solid waste recycling and ecological restoration are deeply fused, the problem that a traditional sand stabilization material lacks ecological functions is effectively solved, and the sand stabilization material has the sand stabilization function and the vegetation restoration function.

The invention discloses a permafrost railway roadbed structure design method based on an adsorption type all-season hot rod. The permafrost railway roadbed structure design method comprises the steps that the solar radiation intensity and the annual average ground temperature distribution of permafrost in a target area are evaluated; measuring frozen soil active layer thickness, frozen soil ice content space distribution and frozen soil thermophysical parameters; establishing a refrigeration power model of the adsorption type hot rod, and calibrating the refrigeration efficiency of the adsorption type hot rod; according to the calibrated refrigeration efficiency of the adsorption type hot rod, designing layout parameters of the adsorption type all-season hot rod in the roadbed; according to temperature rise prediction, the refrigeration power model is corrected, and parameters of the adsorption type all-season hot rod are dynamically adjusted; and carrying out a hot rod roadbed prototype test, and carrying out dynamic regulation and control on parameters of the adsorption type all-season hot rod. The limitation that a traditional siphon type hot rod only works in winter is broken through, it is ensured that the roadbed keeps the low-temperature heat dissipation capacity under different climate conditions all the year round, and the heat stability of the railway roadbed in the permafrost region is greatly improved.

The invention discloses an active layer depth identification method based on an envelope fusion algorithm, and belongs to the technical field of seasonal frozen depth survey. The method comprises the following steps: optimizing survey line arrangement and radar frequency through field survey and ground temperature data, and collecting data by using a ground penetrating radar; performing background removal, gain compensation, band-pass filtering and time-depth conversion preprocessing on the data; then, a gravity center method and an edge detection method are adopted to extract a bottom interface track, and noise and abnormal values are effectively suppressed according to self-adaptive weighted fusion of signal definition and continuity; and finally, carrying out cross validation and error correction by taking the earth temperature 0 DEG C isotherm depth as a reference, outputting a continuous and smooth interface fusion curve with centimeter-level precision, and calculating the depth of an active layer. According to the method, the high-efficiency and lossless advantages of the GPR are kept, meanwhile, the limitation of traditional interpretation precision is broken through, and a practical technical scheme which can be directly used for designing parameter values is provided for engineering investigation of the permafrost region.

The invention discloses self-adaptive variable-diameter drilling equipment for a high and cold frozen soil region and a stable-temperature construction method, and relates to the technical field of constructional engineering construction equipment, in particular to the self-adaptive variable-diameter drilling equipment for the high and cold frozen soil region, the self-adaptive variable-diameter drilling equipment comprises a main body, and the top of the main body is fixedly connected with a drilling assembly; a multi-blade structure is utilized, each blade is provided with an independent electric heating wire, the electric heating wires can preheat the blades in the drilling process, the blades are prevented from being embrittled due to low temperature, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, the multiple telescopic auxiliary rotary drill bits are evenly distributed around the main drill bit, and the drilling efficiency is improved. The telescopic rod controls the auxiliary rotary drill bit to automatically adjust the telescopic length of the auxiliary rotary drill bit according to the hardness of the frozen soil layer and the drilling depth, so that the total diameter of the drill bit is changed to meet the drilling requirements of different diameters.

The invention relates to an eDNA method for identifying bumblebee honeycombs in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The eDNA method comprises the following steps: S1, positioning observation sample belts and arranging sampling points on the basis of multi-source data in combination with a Bayesian hierarchical model; s2, performing deep freezing and complete excavation on matrixes around and inside all the sampling points; s3, stratified sampling and anti-degradation treatment are carried out, and a spatial attribute database is established; s4, extracting and purifying eDNA (enhanced deoxyribonucleic acid); s5, determining a nest host based on PCR amplification, high-throughput sequencing and sequence comparative analysis; and S6, constructing a Bayesian hierarchical model in combination with biological information, and judging honeycomb characteristics. The method is simple, rapid and low in cost, not only is suitable for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost regions, has the core advantages of non-destructiveness and high sensitivity, but also is also suitable for underground insect nest identification research in other environment sensitive regions or regions difficult to physically explore in principle, and has wide application prospects. The method is especially suitable for monitoring rare, secret or difficult-to-approach organisms.

The invention provides a permafrost region heat exchange system which comprises an underground heat exchange assembly, a road surface heat exchange assembly and a ground source heat pump system, the underground heat exchange assembly comprises a pipe pile and a first heat exchange pipe, the first heat exchange pipe is arranged in the pipe pile and is provided with a first working medium, and the pipe pile and the first heat exchange pipe are located in a foundation of a road and extend into a permafrost layer; the road surface heat exchange assembly comprises a second heat exchange pipe, and a second working medium is arranged in the second heat exchange pipe. And the ground source heat pump system, the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe form a first passage and a second passage. The first heat exchange pipe is pre-buried in the pipe pile, the first heat exchange pipe exchanges heat with the ground source heat pump system, and heat in a foundation is transferred to the ground source heat pump system. The road surface heat exchange assembly plays a role in heat preservation, heat of the second heat exchange pipe is effectively prevented from being conducted downwards, and the stability of the frozen soil layer is protected. The first heat exchange pipe can extract heat from the foundation in cold seasons, snow accumulated on the road surface is melted, and safe passing of the road is ensured.

The application discloses a simulation method and system for engineering geological survey in alpine permafrost regions based on digital twinning, and relates to the technical field of engineering geological survey.The method comprises the following steps: obtaining multi-source heterogeneous data to construct a digital base; constructing a thermal-water-force-fracture multi-field coupling physical model based on the phase field theory; constructing a generative adversarial network as a time reversal engine to learn the mapping from the current state to the past state; inputting the current measured state into the time reversal engine to generate a historical evolution sequence, and comparing the historical evolution sequence with actual geological relics to dynamically calibrate model parameters; loading future climate scenarios to perform forward prediction, and fusing monitoring data through Kalman filtering to form a closed-loop corrected digital twin; and outputting a risk thermodynamic map, a fracture connectivity atlas and an engineering warning level based on the prediction result.The method can realize dynamic calibration and real-time early warning of the engineering geological model in the permafrost region, and improve the accuracy and calculation efficiency of the prediction of engineering geological disasters in cold regions.

The application discloses a kind of anti-frost heaving pile foundation for installing photovoltaic support in frozen soil area and its construction method, belong to frozen soil area pile foundation technical field.The anti-frost heaving pile foundation includes photovoltaic support, prefabricated pipe pile, support connecting section, anti-frost heaving section and fixed section, support connecting section is located above prefabricated pipe pile for connecting photovoltaic support and pile foundation;Anti-frost heaving section is filled with anti-frost heaving material to eliminate the influence of soil frost heaving on engineering, and plays the role of anti-soil frost heaving;Fixed section is located at the lower end of prefabricated pipe pile to improve pile body stability and uplift resistance;The construction method includes: hole digging, hole cleaning, pouring core concrete, installing pile shoe positioner, vibration pile planting, installing centering positioner, filling anti-frost heaving material, sleeve and pouring filling core concrete etc.The application solves the problem of time and labor consumption of the original pile around frost heaving soil replacement technology, and the use of prefabricated pipe pile can save the time spent on pile maintenance, thereby speeding up the construction progress.

The present application relates to a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipeline's pipe embankment structure and intelligent control method.The pipe embankment structure includes fill layer, pipeline protection layer, crude oil pipeline, gas pipeline, intelligent control system, fine sand layer, heat preservation layer, heat flow sensor, drainage ditch, benchmark heat flow sensor.By reasonable layout crude oil pipeline (positive temperature operation) and gas pipeline (negative temperature operation), in combination with heat flow sensor real-time monitoring energy flow, and trigger abnormal alarm when energy abnormal change.At the same time, using intelligent control system real-time acquisition pipeline and frozen soil layer temperature data, dynamically adjust the operating temperature of gas pipeline, optimize heat effect control.The technical scheme provided by the present application can be reasonably laid out and dynamically regulated, effectively govern the degradation of underlying permafrost under crude oil pipeline, while slowing down the frost heaving deformation of soil around gas pipeline, thereby significantly improving the thawing and frost heaving problems caused by oil and gas pipeline in permafrost region.

The application provides a method for improving the recovery of natural gas hydrates in permafrost regions. The method comprises the following steps: (1) discharging free gas from the target permafrost region natural gas hydrate reservoir by depressurization, so that the reservoir temperature of the target permafrost region natural gas hydrate reservoir is less than 0 DEG C and greater than or equal to -6 DEG C, and the reservoir pressure reaches 0.8-1.2 times the phase equilibrium pressure of the natural gas hydrate; (2) injecting a mixed gas of CO2 and H2 into the target permafrost region natural gas hydrate reservoir for multiple rounds of throughput sweeping; wherein, between each round of throughput sweeping, huff and puff is carried out, and the temperature of the target permafrost region natural gas hydrate reservoir is maintained at less than 0 DEG C and greater than or equal to -6 DEG C; (3) after the throughput sweeping is completed, injecting CO2 into the target permafrost region natural gas hydrate reservoir for sweeping to recover free H2 and for geological storage of CO2. The method can significantly improve the recovery of natural gas in permafrost regions, effectively ensure the stability of the reservoir, and achieve geological storage of carbon dioxide.

The invention relates to a hot rod effective power evaluation method based on spatial distribution characteristics of a soil body temperature field, and is suitable for permafrost region engineering. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a hot rod which works stably, arranging temperature measuring holes on a horizontal section of a vertical axis in the middle of an evaporation section according to a near field, a middle field and a far field, and obtaining soil body temperatures T at different radial distances r; based on the steady-state heat conduction theory, regression analysis is carried out on measured data, a mathematical model T = C1 * ln (r) + C2 is constructed, and a coefficient C1 is solved; and combining the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the soil body with the effective length L of the hot rod, and calculating the effective refrigeration power of the hot rod on the soil body by utilizing a formula Q =-2pi lambda LC1. The method does not need to pre-embed a sensor, does not interfere with the operation of the hot rod, and can include the contact thermal resistance influence between the hot rod and the soil body. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision, low cost and the like, and realizes in-situ and quantitative evaluation of the actual refrigeration efficiency of the existing engineering hot rod.

This utility model discloses a heat-insulating and ventilated composite structure for roadbed in permafrost regions of plateau areas. It includes a permafrost foundation, with ventilation mechanisms installed inside each foundation for road cooling. These mechanisms include ventilation ducts laid on the upper surface of the permafrost foundation, each duct connected to a connecting pipe. Protective netting is installed at the ends of the ventilation ducts. By installing heat-conducting rods and heat-dissipating fins inside the ventilation and connecting pipes, heat from the precast concrete slab and its surroundings can be quickly transferred into the ventilation and connecting pipes. Furthermore, heat dissipation is rapid while the ventilation ducts are ventilating, reducing the impact of roadbed heat on the permafrost foundation. By installing concrete pillars inside the permafrost foundation and laying precast concrete slabs on top of these pillars, the load-bearing capacity is increased, preventing large vehicles from squeezing the roadbed and causing damage to the ventilation ducts.

The invention provides a self-heating anti-freezing drainage pipeline system for a plateau permafrost region and a control method of the self-heating anti-freezing drainage pipeline system, and belongs to the technical field of engineering drainage in cold regions. According to the self-heating anti-freezing drainage pipeline system for the plateau permafrost region and the control method of the self-heating anti-freezing drainage pipeline system, the self-heating anti-freezing drainage pipeline system comprises a self-heating pipeline module, an energy supply module and an intelligent control module, and the self-heating pipeline module comprises a pipeline body and an integrated electric heating layer. By arranging the pipeline system composed of the self-heating pipeline module, the energy supply module and the intelligent control module, the integrated effect of energy self-supply, intelligent sensing and active anti-freezing in the plateau frozen soil area without the power grid is achieved, the unfreezing rate is calculated through captured data through configuration of the intelligent control module, and the unfreezing efficiency is improved. The parameter dynamically reflects the efficiency of freezing and melting, so that the system can accurately put energy based on the efficiency, and the problems of energy dependence and anti-freezing reliability are fundamentally solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor equipment, in particular to a high-frequency impact type tent peg rapid fixing and pulling device suitable for a plateau frozen soil area. The device comprises an equipment body which is internally provided with a hydraulic cavity, a control cavity and a sealing cavity; the high-frequency impact unit is composed of a transmission rod and two first pistons, the top end of the transmission rod extends into the sealing cavity filled with nitrogen, and an impact head with a detachable limiting rod is installed at the bottom end of the transmission rod. The control unit is composed of two second pistons which are combined through a connecting column; the hydraulic mechanism is connected with all the cavities through a pressurizing pipe and a liquid return pipe which are connected in parallel, connecting pipes are arranged between the cavities, and high-frequency reciprocating motion of the impact head under hydraulic driving is achieved. And in combination with a self-adaptive supporting seat at the bottom of the equipment, the ground nail is quickly pulled out from frozen soil by utilizing upward thrust of high-frequency impact, so that the effect of one machine with two purposes is achieved, the problems of difficulty in pulling and low efficiency in a plateau frozen soil environment are effectively solved, and the device has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, strong force, high efficiency, high adaptability and high reliability.

The invention relates to a lithology identification method for a hydrate reservoir in a frozen soil region. The method comprises the following steps: collecting hydrate drilling well logging data in a frozen soil region, and establishing a sample set; performing windowing processing, standardized preprocessing and lithology label coding on the sample set to form a sequence sample suitable for deep learning; constructing a hybrid neural network model combining a convolutional neural network and a long-short term memory network (CNN-LSTM), extracting local spatial features in the logging data by using a convolutional layer, and extracting time sequence features of lithologic evolution by combining an LSTM layer; key hyper-parameters of the model are globally optimized based on a Bayesian optimization algorithm, the number of convolution kernels, the number of LSTM units, the Dropout proportion and the learning rate are included, and the classification performance and generalization ability of the model are improved; and utilizing the trained optimal CNN-LSTM model to carry out lithology automatic identification and classification on the frozen soil region hydrate reservoir. According to the method, through combined extraction of convolution and time sequence features, the recognition precision and robustness of complex lithology of the hydrate reservoir in the permafrost region are effectively enhanced, meanwhile, the Bayesian optimization method is introduced to improve the model parameter adjustment efficiency and stability, and reliable technical support can be provided for fine description and resource evaluation of the hydrate reservoir.

The application discloses a kind of frozen soil area pumping drainage type pressure steam pre-melting method and system, comprising: surveying the deformation of surface, selecting frost heaving and uneven settlement disease serious road section, determining the depth and range of soil ice layer;Steam injection hole is arranged above the soil ice layer treatment layer on the side of roadbed slope, pumping drainage hole is arranged in the center of roadbed;Steam generator is heated and injected into soil ice layer, while pumping drainage, steam target melting ice is realized;While steam heating and pumping, monitoring pre-melting progress and effect are carried out using geophysical prospecting method.The high-temperature steam is transported to the interior of soil body by steam pipe, when high-temperature steam contacts with low-temperature soil body, heat conduction occurs, solid ice in the interior of frozen soil melts, after all the ice-rich frozen soil and soil ice layer in the climate warm and humid influence range are melted, the melting range is accurately controlled by pumping drainage, the bearing capacity of foundation is improved, and the possible deformation of frozen soil melting settlement is reduced.

This invention relates to the field of natural gas pipeline safety treatment technology, and provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for obtaining frost heave in permafrost areas. The method includes: determining a surface temperature function; determining a constant temperature at a first depth below the surface; constructing a finite element model of the permafrost region calculation area based on the surface temperature function, the first depth, and the constant temperature; applying boundary conditions to the finite element model to obtain the time it takes for a freezing front to reach the lower edge of each grid layer in an M-layer grid from the surface down within the time range of the surface temperature function, as well as the temperature gradient at the location of the freezing front; and determining the frost heave based on the time and the temperature gradient. This method enables rapid and accurate determination of frost heave, providing fundamental data for the safety assessment of buried pipelines.

This invention discloses a remote sensing classification method and device for periglacial landforms. The method includes: establishing remote sensing classification rules for periglacial landforms, dividing periglacial landforms into primary and secondary periglacial landform types; collecting remote sensing images and digital elevation model data of the target area in permafrost regions at various resolutions, and performing radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction on the remote sensing images; performing first-scale segmentation and second-scale segmentation on the processed data to generate two-level image object layers, with the first-scale segmentation generating a primary image object layer corresponding to the primary periglacial landform type and the second-scale segmentation generating a secondary image object layer corresponding to the secondary periglacial landform type; extracting and analyzing features for each image object in the primary and secondary image object layers; and, based on the remote sensing classification rules for periglacial landforms, classifying the image objects in the primary and secondary image object layers into the corresponding primary and secondary periglacial landform types, respectively, and outputting a remote sensing classification map of periglacial landforms.

The present disclosure provides a permafrost mountainous hydrological simulation method and system based on space-ground-air integrated monitoring, relating to the technical field of hydro-meteorological monitoring and water resources forecasting. The method comprises: obtaining permafrost hydrological monitoring data of a permafrost region through space-ground-air multi-monitoring equipment; the permafrost hydrological monitoring data comprises permafrost state and precipitation data; assimilating the permafrost hydrological monitoring data into a distributed hydrological model coupled with a permafrost runoff generation process to obtain a first distributed hydrological model; simulating runoff processes under different permafrost states and permafrost underlying surface hydrological characteristics through the first distributed hydrological model to dynamically quantify precipitation-runoff conversion efficiency. The present scheme can accurately simulate the runoff process in the permafrost region, and then reliably dynamically quantify the precipitation-runoff conversion efficiency.

The utility model provides a frozen soil area landslide key part temperature and humidity field long-term dynamic monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of intelligent equipment, and the device comprises a measurement control host which is connected with a first PVC hard pipe and a second PVC hard pipe through a cable; the first PVC hard tube and the second PVC hard tube are respectively provided with a power supply electrode and a measuring electrode; third containing holes are formed in the second PVC hard pipe at intervals of a third preset distance, and a temperature measuring probe is contained in each third containing hole. The corresponding electrodes are supported by the two PVC hard tubes, the temperature measuring probe is buried underground to work for a long time, the water content profile is converted into the resistivity profile based on an indoor soil test, and in-situ dynamic long-term monitoring of the soil water content profile and the temperature of the key part of the landslide is achieved. The device can help to analyze soil freeze-thaw states and daily freeze-thaw cycle processes of different parts of the landslide and moisture infiltration processes of key parts of the landslide under rainfall conditions and freeze-thaw conditions, and is simple in structure, efficient and reliable.

The invention discloses an intelligent ventilation and temperature control system and method for a driven-type pipe pile in a permafrost region, the intelligent ventilation and temperature control system comprises a low-temperature air conveying unit, an exhaust unit and an automatic intelligent control unit, and the automatic intelligent control unit controls the low-temperature air conveying unit to convey cold air into the pipe pile; the exhaust unit exhausts hot air in the pipe pile, and cold and hot alternate circulation of outside air and air in the pipe pile is achieved. According to the system, through an intelligent cold / warm season regulation and control mechanism, the thermal erosion process of a pile-soil interface is blocked in a low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency and high-environment-friendly mode, the thermal stability of a permafrost foundation around the pile is maintained, the bearing performance of a foundation structure is enhanced, and therefore long-term safe and stable operation of foundation engineering in the cold region is guaranteed.

The application provides a design method of a ventilation pipe foundation in permafrost regions based on the principle of heat balance, aiming to maintain the heat balance of the lower permafrost under the foundation and ensure its long-term thermal stability. The method involves collecting meteorological data, soil physical parameters, and permafrost upper limit and ground temperature distribution information to assess whether additional protection measures are needed and to determine the burial height of the ventilation pipe foundation. Based on the selected ventilation pipe configuration, the corresponding wind speed calculation formula is used to calculate the wind speed in the pipe, and the convective heat transfer coefficient is determined. Combined with the convective heat transfer coefficient and economy, the pipe diameter is determined. Further determine the cooling radius and the best operation mode of the ventilation pipe foundation to ensure the heat balance of the foundation bottom and effectively protect the lower permafrost under the foundation. The design method is simple, fast and accurate, and has important engineering application value and wide applicability.