'Increasing, returning, reducing, combining' carbon-fixing and discharge-reducing fertilizing method in Allium fistulosum and wheat crop rotation

Abstract

The invention provides an 'increasing, returning, reducing, combining' carbon-fixing and discharge-reducing fertilizing method in Allium fistulosum and wheat crop rotation, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizing. Based on the existing problem in the cultivation mode of the Allium fistulosum and wheat crop rotation, the nutrient demand and distribution of two harvest crops at different stages within one year are considered, and the technical mode of 'increasing, returning, reducing, combining' carbon-fixing and discharge-reducing is formed. Compared with the conventional technology of farmers, the fertilizer input cost is saved about 1120 yuan per hectare; the Allium fistulosum average yield is increased by 7800 kg / hm<2> in one season; the wheat average yield is increased by 280 kg / hm<2> in one season; the average yield rate of two seasons is up to 13%; the year yield is increased by 16% per hectare; the discharge of N2O is reduced by 24.4%; 0-20 cm soil layer is solidified by 2.26t C / hm<2>; the total nitrogen rain-washing ratio is reduced by 19.4%; the technical supports for the improvement of cultivated land soil organic matter, the discharge-reducing of agricultural greenhouse gases, and the sustainable development of agriculture are provided for China.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilization, in particular to a "increase, return, decrease, and combination" fertilization method for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in scallion-wheat rotation. Background technique [0002] Scallion-wheat rotation cultivation was only cultivated in a small area as a rotation of scallions in the early days. For example, in Zhangqiu, Shandong, a traditional production area of ​​scallions, there is a cultivation area of ​​about 100,000 mu per year. With the adjustment of the planting industry structure, the area of ​​vegetable and grain rotation is increasing year by year. The scallion-wheat rotation mode has been cultivated on a large scale in Luquan, Hebei, Dezhou, Shandong, Linyi, Shandong and other places. Taking Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province, which is known as the "hometown of green onions in China" as an example, the total planting area of ​​green onions reaches 150,000...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, there are still many problems in the scallion-wheat rotation planting production: (1) Improper application of organic fertilizers. The survey shows that the application and amount of organic fertilizers in the production of scallions are determined by the supply of local livestock and poultry waste, If it is not far from the farm, generally use 2-5 cubic meters of undecomposed livestock and poultry manure before planting green onions, otherwise no organic fertilizer is used

It is easy to cause problems such as burning seedlings, aggravation of crop diseases and insect pests, and nutrient loss

(2) The use of straw is unreasonable. In order to prevent the soil from being raised due to the low quality of straw returning to the field, which will affect the planting of green onions, farmers are accustomed to cultivating wheat straw without returning to the field or the amount of returning to the field is small, which is not conducive to soil carbon sequestration and organic matter accumulation, etc. ( Pan Jianling et al., 2013)

(3) Excessive fertilization. In order to obtain high yield, the phenomenon of blind fertilization in the production of scallions is more serious. The fertilizer input standard is calculated by the number of bags of chemical fertilizers, resulting in an excessively high amount of fertilizer input, especially nitrogen fertilizer.

Excessive nitrogen application will not only affect the yield and quality of scallions, but also the surplus nitrogen will be easily lost under local high irrigation management measures, which will have adverse effects on soil, air and water environment (Zhang Xiangsong et al., 2010; Zhang Jing et al., 2012) (4) Fertilizer management is unreasonable. In the fertilizer management of two-season crops, producers often pay attention to the management of the green onion season due to efficiency issues. Usually, before wheat sowing, combined with the last topdressing of the green onion season, a large amount of fertilizer is applied at one time. Wheat No more topdressing in the later stage; moreover, in the green onion season, the fertilization method of "heavy at the front and light at the end" is often adopted, which affects the increase in yield and environmental safety

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