Method for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature, system for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature, and application
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A technology for lightening and heavy oil, applied in cracking, petroleum industry, processing hydrocarbon oil, etc., can solve the problems of low yield of light oil, high energy consumption, complex process, etc. simple effect
Inactive Publication Date: 2018-02-09
SINOPEC ENG GRP CO LTD
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[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature lightening method for heavy oil, which relies on the cavitation phenomenon of fluid to realize the lightening treatment of heavy oil, and improves the high energy consumption and high energy consumption of heavy oil lightening process in the prior art. Problems such as complex process and low light oil yield
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[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heavy oil low-temperature lightening system includes a heavy oil storage tank 1, an oil inlet pipeline 2, a lightening device 4 and an oil return pipeline 5, specifically as figure 1 shown;
[0060] The heavy oil storage tank 1 communicates with the lightweight device 4 through the oil inlet pipeline 2, and the lightweight device 4 communicates with the heavy oil storage tank 1 through the oil return pipeline 5;
[0061] The oil inlet pipeline 2 is also provided with a heavy oil pump 3, which is used to pressurize the heavy oil to the inlet of the lightening device 4 and maintain a certain pressure of the heavy oil.
[0062] The present invention provides a low-temperature lightening system for heavy oil, which includes a heavy oil storage tank 1, an oil inlet pipeline 2, a heavy oil pump 3, a lightening device 4, and an oil return pipeline 5. The inlet of the lightening device 4 maintains a certain pressure, and ...
Embodiment 1
[0081] A low-temperature lightening method for heavy oil provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
[0082] (a) Heat Tahe crude oil in the heavy oil storage tank to 50°C, pump it into the inlet of the lightening device through the heavy oil pump, and keep the inlet pressure of the heavy oil at 2.0Mpa;
[0083] (b) The heavy oil enters the lightening device for lightening treatment, and its outlet pressure is normal pressure after passing through the lightening device;
[0084] The gas product obtained after the lightening treatment is discharged, cooled to obtain light oil, and the heavy oil after the lightening treatment is subjected to the above-mentioned cycle treatment once (that is, the heavy oil undergoes two lightening treatments).
Embodiment 2
[0086] The low-temperature lightening method of heavy oil provided in this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the Tahe crude oil is heated to 80° C. in a heavy oil storage tank. For details, please refer to Example 1.
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature, a system for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature, and application, and relates to the technical field of processing of crude oil. The method for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature comprises: subjecting heavy oil to preheating and pressing treatment, conveying to a light fraction conversion device, utilizing instant high temperature and high pressure and strong shock wave and microjet energy generated in a cavitation process to realize disconnection of long chains of paraffin hydrocarbon molecules and asphaltene molecules in the heavy oil, reducing molecular weights, further realizing reduction of heavy oil viscosity and density, and facilitating improvement on the yield of light fractions; moreover, the whole technological process is carried out under the condition of low temperature, the energy consumption is low, the technology is simple, the method improves problems of low energy consumption, complicated technology, relatively low yield of light fractions and the like in the prior art, and a new approach is provided for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions. The invention further provides the system for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature, which comprises a heavy oil storage tank, an oil inlet pipeline, a heavy oi pump, the light fraction conversion device and an oil return pipeline, and the system can convert heavy oil to light fractions at low temperature.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil processing, in particular to a method for low-temperature lightening of heavy oil, a system and application of low-temperature lightening of heavy oil. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the increasing exploitation of crude oil resources, the quality of crude oil is gradually declining, and the phenomenon of heavy and inferior crude oil is becoming more and more serious. Because heavy oil contains more long-chain macromolecules, colloids, asphalt and impurities, it is difficult to process and utilize it. How to efficiently process and utilize heavy oil has become the research focus of major oil companies and scientific research institutions. [0003] The purpose of heavy oil processing is to lighten heavy oil. The lightening of heavy oil is to redistribute macromolecules or macromolecular carbon and hydrogen elements in residual oil under certain conditions to form light compon...
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