Fish elevator device for collecting fishes by utilizing tail water of hydropower station and fish collecting method applying same

Abstract

The invention discloses a fish elevator device for collecting fishes by utilizing tail water of a hydropower station. The device comprises a water guide wall, a fish collecting pond, a fish collectingbox and a lifting mechanism, wherein the water guide wall is arranged on a tail water tunnel/pipe bottom plate and a stilling pond and/or a tail water channel bottom plate, the fish collecting pond is arranged on the downstream side of the tail water tunnel/pipe or in the stilling pond, the fish collecting box is connected with the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on a tail horizontal platform and the fish collecting pond. The fish elevator device has the advantages of improving the fish collecting efficiency and better protecting fishes. The invention also discloses afish collecting method adopting the fish elevator device for collecting fishes by utilizing the tail water of the hydropower station.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of water conservancy engineering and environmental protection engineering, and more specifically relates to a fish lifter device for collecting fish by utilizing the tailwater of a hydropower station. The invention also relates to a fish collection method of a fish lifter device using tail water of a hydropower station to collect fish. Background technique [0002] While water conservancy and hydropower projects exert their benefits in flood control, power generation, and shipping, they also have a non-negligible impact on the ecological environment, especially the blocking impact on fish migration channels, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Fish passing facilities have been used internationally for more than 300 years as a fish protection measure to alleviate the barrier effect of dams. They can restore fish migration channels and communicate upstream and downstream fish exchanges. The m...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] 1) The inlet of the fish passing facility is arranged on the bank or at a certain position in the dam, but since its discharge flow is far lower than the flow of the power generation tail water, most fish will still be attracted by the power generation tail water and go upstream along the main stream of the tail water , gathered near the draft pipe (tailwater hole), resulting in low fish collection efficiency at the entrance of the fish passing facility;

[0006] 2) In order to improve the fish luring efficiency at the entrance of the fish passing facilities, some fish passing facilities replenish water at the fish inlet to increase the fish luring flow. Due to the limited water replenishment flow, it is difficult to compete with the tail water of the power generation. In addition, the water replenishment generally comes from the upstream reservoir If water is supplied to the district or a pumping station is built, the water flow will be consumed or energy consumption will be increased when replenishing water, which will have a great impact on the power generation efficiency of the project;

[0007] 3) The elevation of the fish inlet of the fish passing facility is fixed, which is difficult to apply to fish inhabiting different water layers

[0008] The existing application number is: 201711383215.6, the patent name is "A System for Collecting and Transporting Fish Adaptable to Water Level Variation" and the application number is: 201810150802.9, and the patent name is "A Fish Collection System Device for Fish Lifting Machine" both disclose water replenishment System, fish collection system, lifting transfer system, fish collection and transportation device system, the fish collection box is set at the head of the fish collection corridor and installed on the lifting system, and is automatically optimized and adjusted according to the characteristics of fish schools and changes in water level and flow observed by the fish monitor The opening of the fish inlet valve and the water supply valve can meet the suitable hydraulic conditions for different types of fish in different positions; however, it uses water supply facilities such as water pumps to draw water to lure fish. First, the flow rate is limited and the efficiency of fish luring is low; The reason is that the energy consumption of water pumping is large, which has a great impact on the power generation efficiency of the project; the third is that the fish inlet of the fish collection channel has a fixed elevation, which cannot be applied to fish inhabiting different water layers, and the types of fish collected are limited; There are many mechanical equipment and mechanical operations such as lowering the grille and dragging the grille translation, and the mechanism and operation are more complicated.

[0009] The existing application number is 201711278801.4, and the patent name is "Comprehensive fish transport platform and method for solving hydropower station's obstruction of fish upward tracing", which discloses a new fishing channel in the downstream area of ​​the frontier position where fish upstream reaches in the downstream of the tail water, and in the Relevant fish collection and luring measures, observation equipment and improved transshipment settings are added in the channel to achieve a comprehensive fish collection and transportation platform for the purpose of fish trapping, observation and transshipment under the dam, and a method to solve the problem of fish upstream from the hydropower station; The water body with a certain flow rate is sent out through the pipes arranged on both sides of the channel and pre-buried at the bottom to form a preferred flow rate distribution for different fish passing targets to attract fish. However, it uses water pumps to artificially create flow to attract fish. The following deficiencies: ①The flow rate is limited, and the fish luring efficiency is low; ②The energy consumption of water pumping is relatively large; ③The water pump may generate vibration and noise, which affects the fish luring effect; Auxiliary means drive or lure fish into the fish collection box, but the equipment and operation process are not disclosed in detail. In fact, the operation is extremely difficult and may cause damage to the fish

[0012] However, due to its use of submersible pumps to create currents, supplemented by lights to attract fish, there are still the following deficiencies: ①The flow rate of fish luring by submersible pumps is extremely limited, and the efficiency of luring fish is low; ②The energy consumption of water pumping is relatively large. , high operating cost; ③The water pump may generate vibration and noise, which will affect the fish luring effect; ④Different fish have different avoidance responses to lights, sound waves, etc., and it has not been proved that it has a universal luring effect on fish. The effectiveness and feasibility of other measures other than

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