Circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna. The antenna comprises a conductive grounding plane, a dielectric substrate arranged on the conductive grounding plane, a radiation sheet arranged at the top of the dielectric substrate and a plurality of feed probes arranged on the side walls of the periphery of the dielectric substrate; the dielectric substrate comprises a lower-layer high-dielectric-constant dielectric substrate and an upper-layer low-dielectric-constant dielectric substrate; the radiation sheet is a sheet-shaped circular metal conductor; and a gear-shaped opening of a symmetrical structure is formed in the middle of the radiation sheet. A gradient folding type side coupled feed mode is adopted; the feed probes are gradually bent; the processing issimple; relatively wide bandwidth is easily formed; the circular polarization performance of the antenna is improved; the phase center is stable; right-handed and left-handed circular polarization canbe realized at the same time; the antenna is especially suitable for accurate measurement and guidance system terminal equipment; the two dielectric substrates with different dielectric constants areadopted; and the designed antenna is small in size, light in weight and wide in gain bandwidth which can reach more than 25%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to a circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna. Background technique [0002] As a component used to transmit or receive radio waves, circularly polarized antennas play a vital role in wireless communication systems, especially in satellite communications and aircraft measurement and control equipment. [0003] The current satellite navigation and positioning equipment is widely used in fields such as positioning, measurement, timing, high-precision agriculture and intelligent transportation. In order to obtain high-precision positioning requirements above the decimeter level, navigation equipment generally adopts RTK (real-time dynamic differential method) technology. And axle ratio bandwidth), and more compact size, while processing and manufacturing should be simple. Due to the advantages of small shape, low cost, easy conformality, easy processing and easy rea...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] 1. Ordinary microstrip antennas generally implement a single-layer medium to achieve a working frequency band. This kind of working bandwidth is relatively narrow, and the working bandwidth is only about 5%. It cannot be well applied in ultra-wideband (spread spectrum) communication systems.

If the bandwidth is increased, it is often necessary to use a medium with a low dielectric constant as the antenna substrate material, and the antenna size will increase at this time

[0006] 2. Conventional helical antennas have good frequency bandwidth, beam width, symmetric pattern, and wide-angle circular polarization. The disadvantage is that only one polarization mode can be realized.

In the case where dual circular polarization is required, the application cannot be satisfied

[0007] 3. Array antenna (or element deformation), frequency bandwidth, symmetric pattern, wide-angle circular polarization performance is good, the disadvantage is that the beam is not wide enough, the structure is more complicated, and the size is larger

However, the working bandwidth of the traditional microstrip antenna is relatively narrow, generally 3%-5%, which cannot be used in spread spectrum communication.

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