Fuel cell film electrode catalyst, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell film electrode catalyst, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The method comprises steps that S1, a transition metal cation source compound is dissolved in first solvent to obtain first solution; organic nitrogen-containing ligand is dissolved in second solvent to obtain second solution; a porous conductive carbon material is dispersed in third solvent to obtain suspension; S2, the first solution is mixed with the second solution, then mixed with the suspension, and is adsorbed and separated to obtain solid phase material; and S3, the solid phase material reacts through annealing treatment to obtain the fuel cell film electrode catalyst comprising a porous conductive carbon carrier, and transition metal and nitrogen supported in inner pores of the carrier. The method is advantaged in that the prepared catalyst activity is high, a quite excellent gas-solid liquid three-phase interface is achieved, the method is simple, cost is low, themethod is quite suitable for positive poles of high power metal air cells and fuel cells, and the method has good commercial prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell catalysts, in particular to a fuel cell membrane electrode catalyst, its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Fuel cell is a new type of green energy conversion device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It has many advantages such as high specific power, high energy conversion efficiency, and no pollution. It is considered to be a key solution to environmental pollution and energy crisis. Transportation vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, portable mobile power supplies, emergency backup power supplies, etc. have broad application prospects. A fuel cell is composed of positive and negative electrodes and an electrolyte; its core reaction is the oxidation-reduction reaction on the positive membrane electrode, which generally requires a high-efficiency membrane electrode catalyst with excellent performance. It can be considered that the perf...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, when they are assembled into fuel cells and subjected to high-current and long-term discharge tests, their disadvantages are fully exposed: first, traditional catalysts lack effective regulation of electron transport channels, and a lot of conductive agents need to be added to form sufficient electron pathways, these conductive agents reduce the reaction area of ​​the catalyst

Secondly, traditional catalysts do not have a reasonable design of gas transport channels and ion transport channels. The main way to construct gas transport channels is to add hydrophobic polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene to form a network structure. On the one hand, this method will significantly reduce the conductivity. At the same time, it will also lead to a reduction in the reaction area of ​​the catalyst, which is prone to flooding when a large current is discharged for a long time, which seriously affects the battery life.

[0005] Overall, the main problem affecting the performance of fuel cells with existing membrane electrode catalysts is the lack of reasonable design of catalyst three-phase interface channels.

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