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Inorganic strong acid hazardous chemical decontamination agent

A technology for inorganic strong acids and hazardous chemicals, which is applied in the field of post-processing of hazardous chemicals leakage, can solve the problems of intractability, inability to control disasters, long disposal time, etc., and achieve the effect of easy disposal

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-08-11
中国人民警察大学
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

First, the treated waste will cause permanent damage to the environment of the accident site; second, the disposal time is too long, and the disaster cannot be quickly controlled; third, the decontamination products are not environmentally friendly and difficult to handle

Method used

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  • Inorganic strong acid hazardous chemical decontamination agent
  • Inorganic strong acid hazardous chemical decontamination agent
  • Inorganic strong acid hazardous chemical decontamination agent

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] Embodiment 1 toluene diisocyanate and octylamine dosage ratio optimization

[0021] For the configuration of the decontaminant for inorganic strong acid hazardous chemicals, take 25g of sodium carbonate, 80g of the total mass of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine, and set the gradient of the dosage ratio of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine to 4:1, 3:1, 2:1 , 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4; prepare 400g of concentrated hydrochloric acid (mass concentration: 36%) to be decontaminated, and put it in a container with a surface area of ​​0.2 square meters, and set up 7 containers in total.

[0022] Mix sodium carbonate and toluene diisocyanate evenly and sprinkle evenly on the surface of the container, then sprinkle octylamine evenly on the surface of the container, start timing, when the mixture in the container is in a gel state, stop timing, and calculate the time for gel formation (s).

[0023] Measurement results such as figure 1 As shown, when the mass ratio of toluene diiso...

Embodiment 2

[0024] Example 2 Neutralizer and toluene diisocyanate and octylamine total mass ratio optimization

[0025] The more the neutralizing agent sodium carbonate is added, the more complete the neutralization will be. However, too much addition will affect the viscosity, mechanical properties and encapsulation rate of the gel, and will eventually affect the volatilization of unreacted hydrochloric acid in the gel. .

[0026] The configuration of inorganic strong acid hazardous chemicals decontamination agent, the total amount is 100g, the dosage ratio of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine is 1:1, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate to the total mass of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine, and the gradient is set to 2 : 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, 1: 5, 1: 6; prepare concentrated hydrochloric acid 380g (mass concentration is 36%), place in a container with a surface area of ​​0.2 square meters, a total of Set up 7 containers.

[0027] Sodium carbonate and toluene diisocyanate are m...

Embodiment 3

[0031] The optimum amount optimization of embodiment 3 gel decontamination agent

[0032] For the configuration of the decontamination agent for inorganic strong acid hazardous chemicals, take 25g of sodium carbonate, 40g of toluene diisocyanate, 40g of octylamine, mix well with sodium carbonate and toluene diisocyanate for use; respectively prepare concentrated hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 36% to be decontaminated 750g (equivalent to 14% of the mass of concentrated hydrochloric acid used as a decontaminant), 538.3g (18%), 477.3g (22%), 403.8g (26%), 350g (30%), 308.8g (34%) , 276.3g (38%) is placed in the container of surface area 0.2 square meter, is provided with 7 containers altogether.

[0033] Sodium carbonate and toluene diisocyanate are mixed and evenly sprinkled on the surface of the container, and then octylamine is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the container. When the mixture in the container is in a gel state, the gel is formed.

[0034] Aft...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an inorganic strong acid hazardous chemical decontamination agent which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts of a neutralizer, 35 to 45parts of toluene diisocynate and 35 to 45 parts of octylamine. According to the method, a treatment mode of combining inorganic strong acid neutralization and gel formation is adopted; and the agent is used for treatment of inorganic strong acid hazardous chemicals. According to a using method, when the agent is contacted with hazardous chemicals, acid-base neutralization reaction is carried out,and at the same time, toluene diisocynate and octylamine are contacted with water generated in the neutralization reaction in the mixing process, and cross-linking is induced to form a porous networkstructure, and residual acid molecules are absorbed. Meanwhile, a large part of heat can be taken away by gas and water vapor generated in the neutralization reaction, so that secondary disasters caused by heat storage are avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of post-disposal treatment of hazardous chemicals, and in particular relates to a decontamination agent for inorganic strong acid hazardous chemicals. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's chemistry, agriculture, food, medicine, energy and other fields, inorganic acids, as important chemical raw materials, are used in increasing quantities and in a wider range of applications. With the rapid increase in market demand, the dangers in the production and storage links are increasingly exposed, especially the leakage accidents caused by traffic during the transportation of some large tank trucks, which will affect the surrounding environment, transportation and human life and health. into a great impact. The Shanghai Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security has statistically analyzed 100 hazardous chemical leakage accidents, among which the accident rate caus...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A62D3/33A62D101/49A62D101/47A62D101/45
CPCA62D3/33A62D2101/45A62D2101/47A62D2101/49A62D2203/02
Inventor 卢林刚
Owner 中国人民警察大学
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