Fluid control device and fluid control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid control device and a fluid control method for realizing a function of quantitative or one-step fluid blending and transferring of micro-fluid. The fluid control devicecomprises: a card box, on which a control chamber / blending chamber, a reagent chamber and a recovery chamber; a lower-layer chip, on which a quantitative pool or a fluid channel is formed; and an elastic membrane, which is used for bonding the lower-layer chip at the bottom of the card box. A first one-way valve structure which can only allow to exit but not enter or a second one-way valve structure which can only allow to enter but not to exit is formed between the control chamber / blending chamber, the reagent chamber and the recovery chamber and the quantitative pool or the fluid channel through the elastic membrane. The fluid control device provided by the invention does not depend on the control and operation of any external instrument, fluid control, micro-fluid quantification and one-step liquid blending and transferring operation can be completed only through several simple pressure applying actions, and full sealing of the system can be achieved, therefore the problems of pollutant leakage, aerosol pollution and the like can be effectively avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fluid manipulation device, in particular to a fluid manipulation device and a fluid control method which can simply and stably realize the manipulation of microfluid. Background technique [0002] The microfluidic chip realizes the precise control of the microfluid by processing micropumps, microvalves, micropipes, microelectrodes and other structures on the microscale chip, which can only be operated by professionals in the laboratory. The analysis reaction is automatically transferred to the chip. The specially designed microfluidic chip can be used for cell screening and capture, cell culture, protein detection, nucleic acid extraction, nucleic acid amplification, capillary electrophoresis, etc., in medical treatment, environmental protection, scientific research, criminal investigation, etc. The field has huge application prospects. [0003] Compared with the traditional use of pipettes and centrifuge tubes for experimen...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Compared with traditional experimental operations using pipette guns and centrifuge tubes, microfluidic chips have advantages in integration and automation, but limited by fluid control methods, microfluidic chips also face the following problems: (1) The fluid control method is complicated, and the fluid control on the microfluidic chip often requires external air pressure sources such as syringe pumps and air pumps, or the use of centrifuges to provide fluid driving force, which greatly increases the volume and cost of the entire system; or use surface modification, Fluid self-driving is achieved by means of capillary force, etc., but at the same time it also leads to insufficient stability, which limits the application scenarios of microfluidic systems; (2) It is difficult to quantify microfluidics, and many steps in biochemical analysis experiments need to be accurately drawn with a pipette Microliter-level liquids are used for reaction system configuration, etc., but this step is difficult to implement on a microfluidic chip, often requiring the design of complex valve structures, or sacrificing the accuracy of the entire system; (3) Fluid mixing issues, biochemical The reaction process involves multi-step liquid mixing steps, which causes more difficulties for the design of microfluidic chips; (4) the problem of system closure, the biochemical reaction process needs to be carried out in a centrifuge tube, taking nucleic acid amplification as an example, due to the During the amplification process, it needs to be heated and amplified exponentially, which is prone to aerosol pollution and may lead to false positives; therefore, the internal fluid space of the microfluidic chip needs to be fully enclosed, and at the same time, the interface between the chip and the outside world to achieve fluid control should be taken into account.

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