Filling caving mining method

Abstract

The invention relates to a filling caving mining method. The new problems of high ore loss and dilution, surface subsidence and ore dilution caused by filling dry gravel and tailings at the top in a sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method are solved. The filling caving mining method is characterized in that a layer of grouting covering rock with the thickness reaching two sublevel heights of the non-pillar sublevel caving method is formed in the non-pillar sublevel caving method covering rock through a pumping pipe grouting method, and ores are stoped through the non-pillar sublevel caving method under the grouting covering rock, so that newly collapsed ores are completely wrapped by the grouting covering rock; the situation that front face waste rock is mixed in the ore drawing process is prevented, and meanwhile, the situation that the tailings filled at the top directly penetrate through the ores and are mixed into the ores to be discharged is prevented; an arc-shaped overhang beam is constructed on a top plate in a goaf, and a blind drop shaft is filled at the top to fill the goaf in a concentrating mode. The filling caving mining method has the advantages of being simple in stoping process structure, high in mining strength, high in efficiency, high in mechanization degree, safe, low in mining cost, free of surface subsidence, low in ore loss and dilution and the like, and is suitable for underground mining of all metal mines.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of filling and mining in underground mines, and relates to a filling and caving mining method. Background technique [0002] Underground mining methods include three basic processes of mining, cutting and back mining, and are divided into three categories according to the method of ground pressure maintenance: open-field mining method, filling mining method and caving mining method. [0003] Under the current environmental protection requirements, mines are recommended to use the filling method. For example, the traditional empty field method requires subsequent filling to prevent surface subsidence. However, the backfill mining method is mining in a large exposed area, which has poor safety, complicated filling process, and requires processes such as water filtration and cementation maintenance. The production capacity is small, and there are also disadvantages of high cost. [0004] As a representative o...

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Problems solved by technology

[0015] In addition, since the top of the goaf is filled with waste rocks and beneficiation tailings to maintain the stability of the ground pressure, new problems have been brought about. Since the ore body below is mined by the sub-level caving method without bottom pillars, during the ore drawing process, the top filling The dry waste rock and beneficiation tailings are easily mixed into the ore drawing, especially the beneficiation tailings, the particles are very fine, resulting in a large amount of tailings passing through the newly collapsed ore and mixed into the released ore, which deteriorates the ore drawing effect

[0016] To sum up, in order to solve the problems of large ore loss and surface subsidence in the step-by-step caving method without pillars, overburden rock grouting and filling the goaf with filling wells at the top of the goaf can be used respectively, but the overburden rock must be resolved. The grouting problem of long-distance position change in the closed area, the problem of filling and connecting the top of the goaf, and the problem of serious ore dilution caused by the mixing of gravel and tailings from the top filling into the ore drawing

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