Use of methylation level of gene in auxiliary diagnosis of cancers

Abstract

The invention discloses use of a methylation level of a gene in auxiliary diagnosis of cancers. The invention provides use of a methylated MGRN1 gene as a marker in preparing a product. The product has at least one of the following use: auxiliary diagnosis of cancer or prediction of cancer risk; auxiliary distinguishment of benign nodules and cancers; auxiliary distinguishment of different subtypes of cancers; auxiliary distinguishment of different stages of cancers; auxiliary distinguishment of different cancers; and determination of whether an object to be detected has a hindering or promoting effect on occurrence of cancer or not. The cancer can be lung cancer, pancreatic cancer or esophageal cancer. A low methylation phenomenon of MGRN1 gene in blood of patients with lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and esophageal cancer is found through research. The use of a methylation level of a gene has important scientific significance and clinical application value for improving an early diagnosis and treatment effect of lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and esophageal cancer and reducing a death rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of medicine, in particular to the application of the methylation level of a gene in the auxiliary diagnosis of cancer. Background technique [0002] Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelium of the bronchial mucosa. In recent decades, its morbidity and mortality have been on the rise, and it is the cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Although there have been new advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and chemotherapy drugs in recent years, the overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is only 16%, mainly because most lung cancer patients have metastasized and lost surgery. cure opportunity. Studies have shown that the prognosis of lung cancer is directly related to the stage. The 5-year survival rate of stage I lung cancer is 83%, that of stage II is 53%, that of stage III is 26%, and that of stage IV is 6%. Therefore, the key to reducing the mo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the commonly used clinical diagnostic methods for pancreatic cancer include: (1) imaging methods such as ultrasound, enhanced CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Usually, ultrasonography, a method for diagnosing pancreatic cancer, can be used as a supplementary examination of CT, but enhanced CT has a large radiation to the human body, so it is not easy to use frequently; MRI has no radiation effect, but it is not suitable for some people ( There are metal objects and cardiac pacemakers in the body, etc.), the inspection takes a long time, and because the equipment is relatively expensive, some small and medium-sized hospitals have not yet popularized it.

(2) Clinically, some serum tumor markers such as CA19-9, CA242, CA50, etc. will be combined for further detection. The above tumor markers have high sensitivity, but low specificity, and are easily affected by liver function and cholestasis.

(3) Pathological examination: percutaneous biopsy, biopsy guided by ultrasound gastroscope, exfoliated cytology examination of ascites, and exploratory biopsy under laparoscopy or laparotomy, but this method is invasive and not suitable for early stage patients

X-ray barium meal radiography: the patient swallows barium porridge during X-ray examination, observes the development of the barium porridge when it passes through the esophagus, and achieves a qualitative and localized diagnosis. It is affected by the doctor's operation and viewing experience, and this method is not suitable for very early esophageal cancer patient

CT scan: It can show the relationship between the patient's esophagus and adjacent organs, but its disadvantage is that it has low sensitivity for early-stage patients

In addition, there are some commonly used tumor markers, such as CA72-4, CA19-9, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen (SCC), which can be used for the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, but their sensitivity is less than 40%, and Low specificity, especially low diagnostic value for early-stage patients

However, the correlation between DNA methylation in blood and tumor development is rarely reported.

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