Methylation marker and kit for assisting cancer diagnosis

Abstract

The invention discloses a methylation marker and a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of cancers. The invention provides an application of a methylated DHODH gene as a marker in preparation of a product. The application of the product is at least one of the following: auxiliary diagnosis of cancer or prediction of cancer risk; the method assists in distinguishing benign nodules and cancers; assisting in distinguishing different subtypes of cancers; different stages of cancers are distinguished in an auxiliary manner; different cancers can be distinguished in an auxiliary manner; determining whether the to-be-detected object has a hindering or promoting effect on the occurrence of the cancer or not; the cancer can be lung cancer, pancreatic cancer or esophageal cancer. The invention finds the hypomethylation phenomenon of DHODH genes in the blood of patients with lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and esophageal cancer, and has important scientific significance and clinical application value for improving the early diagnosis and treatment effects of lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and esophageal cancer and reducing the death rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the medical field, in particular to a methylation marker and a kit for assisting cancer diagnosis. Background technique [0002] Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the bronchial mucosal epithelium. In recent years, although there have been new advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and chemotherapy drugs, the overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is only 16%, mainly because most lung cancer patients have already metastasized when they see a doctor and have lost radical surgery. Opportunity. Studies have shown that the prognosis of lung cancer is directly related to the stage. The 5-year survival rate of stage I lung cancer is 83%, that of stage II is 53%, that of stage III is 26%, and that of stage IV is 6%. Therefore, the key to reducing the mortality of lung cancer patients lies in early diagnosis and early treatment. At present, the main methods for lung cancer diagnosis are as fo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the commonly used clinical diagnostic methods for pancreatic cancer include: 1. Imaging methods such as ultrasound, enhanced CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Limitations; usually, ultrasonographic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can be used as a supplementary examination of CT, but enhanced CT has greater radiation to the human body, so it is not easy to use frequently; MRI has no radiation effects, but it is not suitable for some people (there are metals in the body Items and cardiac pacemakers, etc.), the inspection takes a long time, because the equipment is relatively expensive, some small and medium hospitals have not yet popularized

2. Clinically, some serum tumor markers such as CA19-9, CA242, CA50, etc. will be combined for further detection. The above tumor markers have high sensitivity, but low specificity, and are easily affected by liver function and cholestasis.

3. Pathological examination: percutaneous biopsy, biopsy guided by ultrasound gastroscope, ascites exfoliated cytology examination, and exploratory biopsy under laparoscopy or laparotomy, but this method is invasive examination and is not suitable for early stage patients

Esophagoscopy: Esophagoscopy can observe the location, size and shape of the lesion in detail, and can also directly take pathological tissue or use a brush to take specimens for cytological examination, but it will cause discomfort to the patient

2. X-ray barium meal contrast: the patient swallows barium porridge during X-ray examination, observes the development of barium porridge when it passes through the esophagus, and achieves a qualitative and localized diagnosis. Esophageal Cancer Patients

3. CT scan: It can show the relationship between the patient's esophagus and adjacent organs, but its disadvantage is that it has low sensitivity for early patients

4. Commonly used tumor markers, such as CA72-4, CA19-9, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), can be used for the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, but their sensitivity is less than 40%, and their specificity Low, especially for early patients with low diagnostic value

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