Method for positioning longitudinal osteotomy position of tibia in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Abstract

The invention provides a method for positioning longitudinal osteotomy position of tibia in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, an intramedullary positioning rod and a thighbone drilling guide auxiliary device are used for determining the drilling position of a fixing hole used for mounting a thighbone prosthesis on the thighbone, the fixing hole is prepared under the guiding effect of the thighbone drilling guide auxiliary device, the postartis of the thighbone is cut off, the meniscus is cut off, a thighbone test mold with the appropriate thickness of the distal condyle is selected and installed after bone surface primary forming, the knee joint is bent and stretched repeatedly, and the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibia is determined through the thighbone test mold. By capturing the motion trail of the tibia joint during relative normal motion, reference is provided for longitudinal osteotomy of the tibia platform, so that the longitudinal osteotomy position of the tibia is determined, the rotation alignment of the tibia prosthesis is closer to the motion trail of the tibia joint, collision between the prostheses is avoided, the motion compatibility and coincidence of the thighbone and tibia prostheses are better, the postartis of the thighbone is preferentially cut off, so that the meniscus on the tibial plateau is cut off more easily, and the collateral ligament is prevented from being damaged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices, and in particular relates to a method for locating the position of tibial longitudinal osteotomy in unicondylar replacement. Background technique [0002] The knee joint is an important motion-bearing joint in the human body. As an important hub for the daily motion transmission and gravity support of the human body, as people pursue more sports life, it is more likely to cause knee joint injuries and lesions. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the knee joint that often occurs in the knee joint. Arthritis is increasing in young people. [0003] The knee joint is composed of two parts, the tibiofemoral joint and the patellofemoral joint. It is the core structure of the movement function of the lower limbs of the human body. The movement form of the knee joint is extremely complex. In addition to the basic flexion and extension movements, it also includes internal and e...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The alignment of femoral and tibial prosthesis in unicompartmental replacement can be divided into coronal alignment, sagittal alignment, and transverse alignment. The coronal alignment and sagittal alignment are relatively easy to establish because of specific references. The alignment of the knee joint on the cross-section is easily affected by the relative rotation between the tibia and the femur during functional activities. The alignment of the cross-section is mainly manifested in the rotational relationship between the two. Rotational alignment of the tibial prosthesis. The setting of the rotational alignment of the tibial prosthesis is very important for the result of unicondylar replacement. Poor rotational alignment of the prosthesis will cause some serious surgical complications, such as unexplained anterior knee pain, tibiofemoral Poor fit and movement, prosthetic collision, premature wear and dislocation of polyethylene liner, etc., may also lead to early revision of unicompartmental replacement due to these reasons, bringing huge economic burden and pain to patients

[0006] Under the current technical conditions, the unicondylar surgery of the movable platform starts with tibial osteotomy, which includes longitudinal osteotomy and horizontal osteotomy. The longitudinal osteotomy of the platform needs to point to the anterior superior iliac spine on the affected side, which largely depends on the surgeon’s personal experience and professional skills. Different surgeons may have different results. The repeatability of the operation is poor, and most of them consider What is important is the static alignment relationship between pseudopositions; based on this, there is an urgent need for a personalized osteotomy technique to guide clinical practice, meet the individual needs of different patients, and truly obtain a physiological rotational alignment of the tibia and femur direction, and at the same time provide help for clinicians during surgery, and better serve patients

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