Overground dry distillation process capable of treating small-particle raw material self-heating type oil shale

Abstract

The invention discloses an overground dry distillation process capable of treating small-particle raw materials self-heating type oil shale. The process comprises the following steps: utilizing low-temperature partial oxidation reaction generated by oil shale for in-situ heat release; and meanwhile, arranging a plurality of combustion chambers and soaking devices around the dry distillation furnace, and enabling high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chambers to radiate and conduct heat to the oil shale to be subjected to dry distillation through the devices, namely, the flue gas is not directly mixed with dry distillation materials and oil gas. In addition, the oil shale particles collide with the metal soaking pipe penetrating through the oil shale material layer in the descending process in the dry distillation furnace, so that gaps among the oil shale particles are enlarged. The method improves the utilization rate of resources, and has the advantages of high energy efficiency and resource utilization rate, water saving, small environmental influence, simplified process, no high-temperature heat carrier and relatively mild reaction conditions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of above-ground oil shale dry distillation, in particular to a self-heating above-ground oil shale dry distillation process capable of processing small particle raw materials. Background technique [0002] Oil shale is a kind of sedimentary rock containing combustible organic matter and high ash content. The organic matter contained in it can be obtained by dry distillation to obtain shale oil similar to crude oil. my country's oil shale reserves are quite rich, according to the survey of the Ministry of Land and Resources in 2006, it was 729.9 billion tons. On the other hand, my country's dependence on foreign oil has exceeded 70%, and there is a huge risk in crude oil supply. Therefore, oil shale can be used as an important petroleum supplementary energy source, and its development has attracted more and more attention. [0003] Because oil shale organic matter (mainly kerogen with solid macromolecular n...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The gas heat carrier process itself has a huge defect: the carbonization furnace can only process large-grained oil shale with a particle size of 12mm or more

When small particles of oil shale are used as raw materials for dry distillation, the pores between oil shale particles are very small due to the close accumulation of small particles of oil shale particles, and the gas heat carrier process uses a large amount of high-temperature heat carrier, so the thermal The carrier gas cannot pass through the oil shale particles smoothly, which makes dry distillation impossible. Therefore, most of the small oil shale particles below 12mm are discarded, reducing the utilization rate of resources by 25%-40%, resulting in a serious waste of resources

Extensive use of high-temperature heat-carrying gas also causes many other problems. For example, not only the secondary cracking and coking of oil and gas reduces the oil recovery rate, but also the oil and gas mixed in a large amount of heat-carrying gas also leads to a large amount of gas at the outlet of the carbonization furnace, and the oil recovery system Huge and difficult to recover oil condensation, etc.

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